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Мочеточник, Мочевой пузырь и Уретра (Структуры и Стенки) - Анатомия мочевыделительной системы

PS! at 6:23 I incorrectly said that the Median Umbilical ligament is a remnant of the umbilical arteries. It is, in fact, a remnant of the fetal urachus. Content: 0:00 Introduction 0:50 Functions of the Ureter 1:44 Course of the Ureter 3:09 Parts of the Ureter 3:53 Constrictions of the Ureter 4:13 Layers of Ureter Wall 6:01 Urinary Bladder 8:08 Layers of Urinary Bladder Wall 10:06 Anatomy of the Male Urethra 14:24 Anatomy of the Female Urethra 🫀 Join:    / @taimtalksmed   📷 Follow my IG:   / taimtalksmed   💝 Donation link: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/taimtalk... Ureter, Urinary Bladder and Male/Female Urethra Function of the Ureter: From the Renal Pelvis Ureter is a muscular tube that moved urine throguh peristaltic movement. Course of the Ureter: Enters Lesser Pelvis and crosses structures: ○ In Male: Crosses Ductus Deferens ○ In Female: Pass between Broas Ligament of the Uterus (Ligamentum Latum Uteri) and Cardinal Ligament of the Uterus (ligamentum cardinale Uretri) Opens up as the Ureteric Orifices (Ostium Ureteris) Parts of the Ureter: Abdominal Part (Pars Abdominalis) Pelvic Part (Pars Pelvica) Intramural Part (Pars Intramuralis) 7-8 mm in Diameter Narrowings of the Ureter: Upper Narrowing: Junction with the Renal Pelvis Middle Narrowing: Line Terminalis Lower Narrowing: Intramural Part Layers of the Ureter Wall: Tunica Mucosa Lower 1/3 ○ Glands in Tela Submucosa ○ 3 layers of Tunica Muscularis Inner part: Longitudinal Msucle Fibers Middle Part Circular Muscle Fibers Outer Part: Longitudinal Muscle fibers Upper Part 2/3 ○ 2 layers of Tunica Muscularis Inner part: Longitudinal Msucle Fibers Outer Part Circular Muscle Fibers Tunica Adventitia Urinary Bladder (Vesica Urinaria) Sac which stores urine (250-500ml) Median Umbillical Ligament (Ligamentum Umbilicale Medianum) Apex of Bladder (Apex Vesicae) Body of Bladder (Corpus Vesicae) Fundus of Urinary Bladder (Fundus Vesicae) Emptu Urinary Bladder ○ Behind Pubic Symphysis (Symphysis Pubica) ○ Has anterior Surface and Posterior Surface Full Urinary Bladder ○ Above the pubic symphysis Right Ureteric Orifice (Ostium Ureteris Dextrum) Left Ureteric Orifice (Ostium Ureteris Sinistrium) Internal Urethral Orifice (Ostium Urethrae Internum) Trigone of Bladder (Trigonum Vesicae) Interureteric Crest (Plicae Interureterica) Layers of the Urinary Bladder Wall: Tunica Mucosa ○ Transitional Epithelium ○ Umbrella Cells ○ Lamina Propria Tela Submucosa ○ Loose connective tissue ○ No folds in trigone of bladder (trigonum vesicae) Tunica Muscularis ○ Consist of three muscle layers Inner part: Longitudinal Msucle Fibers Middle Part Circular Muscle Fibers □ Inernal Urethral Sphincter (musculus sphincter urethrae internus) Outer Part: Longitudinal Muscle fibers Tunica Adventitia or Tunica Serosa ○ Tunica Adventitia if it faces pelvis ○ Tunica Serosa if it faces peritoneum Anatomy of the Male Urethra: Internal Urethral Orifice (Ostium Urethrae Internum) External Urethral Orifice (Ostrium Urethrae Externum) Parts of male urethra: ○ Prostatic Urethra (Pars Prostatica) Urethral Crest (Crista Urethralis) Seminal Colliculus (Colliculus Seminalis) Prostatic Utricle (Utriculus Prostaticus) Openings of the ejaculatory ducts (Ductus Ejaculatorius) Prostatic Ductules (Ductuli Prostatici) ○ Membranous Urethra (Pars Membranacea) Between prostate and bulb of penis (Bulbus Penis) Surrounded by External Urethral Sphincter (musculus sphincter urethrae externus) ○ Spongy Urethra (Pars Spongiosa) Located inside body of penis (corpus penis) Bulb of Penis region: Duct of Bulbo-Urethral Gland (Glandula Bulbourethralis) Narrowins of the Male Urethra: ○ Internal Urethral Orifice (Ostium Urethrae Internum) ○ Membranous Part (Pars Membranacea) ○ External Urethral Orifce (Ostium Urethrae Externum) Enlargements of the Male Urethra ○ Prostatic Urethra (Pars Prostatica) ○ Spongy Urethra (Pars Spongiosa) ○ Navicular Fossa (Fossa Naviculare Urethrae) Walls of the Male Urethra ○ Tunica Mucosa Urethral Lacuna (Lacuna Urethralis) Navicular Fossa (Fossa Navicularis) Valve of the Navicular Fossa (Vulva Fossa Navicularis) ○ Tunica Muscularis Internal Urethral Sphincter (Musculus sphincter urethrae Internus) External Urethral Sphincter (Musculus Sphincter Urethrae Externum) Female Urethra Anatomy: Internal Urethral Orifice (Ostium Urethrae Internum) External Urethral Orifce (Ostium Urethrae Externum) ○ Behind Vlitoral Glans (Glans Clitoris) Walls of the Female Urethra ○ Tunica Mucosa Urethral Lacuna (Lacuna Urethralis) ○ Tunica Muscularis Internal Urethral Sphincter (Musculus sphincter urethrae Internus) External Urethral Sphincter (Musculus Sphincter Urethrae Externum) Sources: Biorender University notes and lectures