TIBIA ANATOMICAL STRUCTURE скачать в хорошем качестве

TIBIA ANATOMICAL STRUCTURE

The tibia, also known as the shin bone, is a long bone in the lower leg with a complex structure for weight-bearing and articulation. Here's a breakdown of its anatomical features using anatomical terminology: 1. Proximal End (Superior Tibia): Medial Condyle: This smooth, convex articular surface on the medial aspect articulates with the medial condyle of the femur, forming the medial aspect of the knee joint. Lateral Condyle: Located laterally, this is another smooth, convex articular surface that articulates with the lateral condyle of the femur, forming the lateral aspect of the knee joint. Intercondylar Eminence: This elevated area between the medial and lateral condyles provides attachment sites for cruciate ligaments crucial for knee stability. Tibial Tuberosity: On the anterior surface of the proximal tibia lies a roughened area, the tibial tuberosity. This serves as the attachment point for the patellar ligament, which connects the patella (kneecap) to the tibia. 2. Shaft (Corpus Tibiae): This is the long, central portion of the tibia with a prismatic (triangular) cross-section. It has three borders and three surfaces: Borders: Anterior Border (Crista Tibiae): This crest separates the medial and lateral surfaces and provides attachment for muscles. Medial Border: This separates the medial and posterior surfaces. As it's subcutaneous (just beneath the skin), it's the palpable shin area. Interosseous Border: This separates the lateral and posterior surfaces and serves as the attachment site for the interosseous membrane, which connects the tibia to the fibula. Surfaces: Medial Surface (Facies Medialis): This surface is subcutaneous and provides attachment for some fascial structures. Lateral Surface (Facies Lateralis): This surface abuts muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg. Posterior Surface (Facies Poplitea): This surface faces posteriorly and provides attachment for muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg. 3. Distal End (Inferior Tibia): Medial Malleolus: This prominent medial process projects downward, forming the medial aspect of the ankle joint and articulating with the talus bone. Fibular Notch: On the lateral side of the distal tibia lies a groove that articulates with the fibula, forming a syndesmosis joint (a slightly mobile joint). Tibial Articular Surface: This inferior surface of the distal tibia is smooth and concave for articulation with the talus bone, forming the weight-bearing tibiotalar joint of the ankle. This detailed breakdown using anatomical terms highlights the tibia's intricate structure for its primary functions: weight distribution, lower leg stability, and providing attachment points for muscles essential for leg and foot movement.