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The Molecular Level Consequences of RNA Modifications on Protein Synthesis

Talk given live by Kristin Koutmou (University of Michigan) on January 15th, 2026. RNA modifications are critical regulators of protein synthesis, enabling cells to rapidly adjust to changing environments by modulating translational efficiency and accuracy. Despite substantial evidence supporting the importance of RNA modifications in biology, the functional impact of most individual modification sites on RNA remains unclear. My laboratory investigates the molecular functions of modifications to two essential substrates for protein synthesis, transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA). I will present insight into how two prevalent mRNA modifications, inosine and pseudouridine, impact ribosome speed and fidelity. Our findings shed light on the ‘rules’ that govern ribosomal interactions with specific RNA modifications in diverse sequence contexts.