Understanding Reason: A Key Differentiator Between Human Animals and Human Beings скачать в хорошем качестве

Understanding Reason: A Key Differentiator Between Human Animals and Human Beings

For Martin's latest podcasts:   / martinbutler   In this insightful discussion, Martin Butler explores the profound difference between what he calls the "human animal" and the "human being." The core distinction lies in the capacity for reason. Unlike mere logic, which can be reduced to mechanical statements like "if X equals Y and Y equals Z, then X equals Z," true reason encompasses the ability to be objective and to see beyond personal biases and immediate passions. Martin references historical and philosophical traditions, from the Greeks through to modern thinkers, emphasizing that reason is seldom discussed in contemporary spiritual contexts. He mentions Gurdjieff's concept of "objective reason," which involves an impartial and broader perspective on situations. For instance, in a conflict with a neighbor over a barking dog, objective reason would prompt understanding and resolution, whereas an unreasonable person would insist on their right without considering the impact on others. The human animal, according to Martin , is driven by survival instincts and passions such as hatred, envy, and greed. These emotions, both negative and positive, stem from reactions to external stimuli and are deeply rooted in the drive for survival. This animalistic behavior is evident in competitive, predatory actions seen in society, from corporate takeovers to nationalism. On the other hand, a human being can exercise reason, a quality that allows for the creation of laws and societal norms that curb our baser instincts. Laws are manifestations of reason that help maintain order and prevent chaos. However, true human beings, those who consistently apply reason and maintain control over their passions, are exceedingly rare. Martin illustrates how the breakdown of law and order reveals the underlying human animal. Historical examples, such as the brief police strike in Montreal and prolonged lawlessness in certain African nations, show how quickly society can devolve into violence and anarchy without the constraints of reasoned laws. In summary, while human society benefits from reason in maintaining a semblance of order, the majority of people operate as human animals, driven by survival and passions. True human beings, those who can consistently apply reason and rise above their animalistic instincts, are few and far between. This scarcity of true reasoned individuals poses a challenge for the future of society, as unchecked passions lead to the cyclical rise and fall of civilizations. CF17 2017-02-05 HumanAnimalH