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Open Surgery Method for Repair of Femoral Hernia: Incision and Exposure 1. Make a 3-4 cm incision below the inguinal ligament, centered over the femoral hernia site. 2. Retract the skin and subcutaneous tissue to expose the hernia sac. Hernia Sac Dissection 1. Identify and dissect the hernia sac from surrounding tissue. 2. Gently reduce the hernia contents back into the abdominal cavity. Hernia Repair 1. Close the femoral canal with sutures or mesh to prevent future herniation. 2. Repair any damaged or weakened tissue in the area. Mesh Placement (optional) 1. Place a mesh patch over the repaired area to reinforce the tissue. 2. Secure the mesh with sutures or tacks. Closure 1. Close the subcutaneous tissue and skin in layers. 2. Apply dressings and provide post-operative care. Types of Open Repair 1. *McVay repair*: Uses a relaxing incision to reduce tension on the repair. 2. *Lotheissen repair*: Involves dissecting the hernia sac and repairing the femoral canal. 3. *Cooper's ligament repair*: Uses a mesh patch and Cooper's ligament to reinforce the repair. Advantages 1. Effective for large or complex femoral hernias. 2. Allows for direct visualization and repair of the hernia site. Disadvantages 1. Larger incision and more tissue disruption compared to laparoscopic repair. 2. Longer recovery time and increased risk of complications. Note: This is a general overview of the open surgery method for femoral hernia repair. The specific technique may vary depending on the surgeon's preference and the individual patient's needs. #hernia #Herniarepair