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Illness assessment and the SAMPLE procedure

If you have to deal with a patient who is unwell then you can go through a simple mnemonic process called a SAMPLE Assessment. If someone came to you who is unwell depending on their age depends on how you need to treat them. If you are dealing with an adult you can talk to them directly. If you are dealing with a child you can still talk to them but you also might want to hear what the parents or guardian say, to give you a little bit more information and also the way you talk to them needs to change so that children can understand and also that you do not scare them. With the mnemonic SAMPLE S stands for Signs and Symptoms A for Allergies M for Medications P for Pre-existing medical conditions L for Last meal and E for Events. We use the mnemonic SAMPLE as a way of assessing somebody who's unwell. With this information, we can decide what action we need to take and it gives us information to tell the EMS or other people like family members. Breaking it down the S stands for Signs and Symptoms. A sign is something you see. A symptom is something the patient tells you. So the sorts of things we're looking for here would be the signs could be a rash may be uneven pupils it could be sweaty skin or anything you can actually see on the person. The symptoms can be things like a headache stomachache or diarrhoea. These are the things we need to look at and you need to ask people leading questions to find out what's actually wrong with them. A for Allergies will be anything the person is allergic to. So we can ask questions like "Are you allergic to any foodstuff?" Maybe they say they are allergic to peanuts or a chemical or antibiotics and this is going to lead on to extra questions you can ask them. The M is Medications. Are they taking any drugs? This could be as basic as they had paracetamol this morning or it could be they're on normal medications. It might be asthma inhalers it might be insulin for diabetes and things like this. P is Pre-existing medical conditions. This would be a question you can ask them "Do you suffer from anything already?" They may say "Yes, I'm a diabetic," or "I have anaphylaxis," or anything at all a medical condition they have. L is the Last meal. The last meal is important because this could give you indications of whether if they're just feeling unwell it could be that you have food poisoning. It could be that they're diabetic and haven't eaten for a while. It also gives you a greater picture of the run-ups to what's actually happened. The E is the Events. These are the events that led up to it. You can talk to them and find out how long ago it started. This could be important with something like diabetes. If it's suddenly they become unwell this could indicate their blood sugar is low. Therefore you can give them sugar. If it's been a length of time it might be their blood sugar levels are high. Therefore we need to get them to emergency treatment. The events will give you a good overall picture of what's happened and what stages there have been and also anything else that they've done or anything they think that may have caused them to be unwell. As far as what you do with the information this information can be used to make your decision or passed on to emergency services or a doctor. It is also a way of trying to help the patient by talking to them while help arrives. Finally, remember if you are dealing with children the SAMPLE questions you need to ask are much more basic. We have over 350 training courses as video online, virtual, hybrid and face to face nationwide through our network of approved and monitored instructors. Phone 01206 805359 visit www.protrainings.uk or email [email protected]. Need first aid and medical equipment, see our online shop at www.first-aid-online.co.uk or call 01206 809538.