Pharmacy Practice (30) Interpretation of Clinical Laboratory Results (Part- 01) | Pharmacy Practice скачать в хорошем качестве

Pharmacy Practice (30) Interpretation of Clinical Laboratory Results (Part- 01) | Pharmacy Practice

Download the "Solution Pharmacy" Mobile App to Get All Uploaded Notes, Model Question Papers, Answer Papers, Online Tests and other GPAT Materials - https://play.google.com/store/apps/de... INTERPRETATION OF CLINICAL LABORATORY TESTS I. Blood Chemistry Tests: Blood chemistry tests are blood tests that measure amounts of certain chemicals in a sample of blood. They show how well certain organs are working and can help find abnormalities. Blood chemistry tests may also be called chemistry panels. There are many types of blood chemistry tests. They measure chemicals including enzymes, electrolytes, fats (also called lipids), hormones, sugars, proteins, vitamins and minerals. Often several chemicals are grouped together and measured at the same time. Blood chemistry tests can be done to: 1. Learn information about your general health. 2. Check how certain organs are working, such as the kidneys, liver and thyroid. 3. Check the body’s electrolyte balance. 4. Help diagnose diseases and conditions. 5. Provide the levels of chemicals (a baseline) to compare with future blood chemistry tests. 6. Check how a treatment is affecting certain organs. 7. Monitor cancer or another condition (as a part of follow-up). Common blood chemistry tests Different tests may be used to measure different types of chemicals. The following are some common blood chemistry tests. (A) Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP): The BMP gives important information about the current status of the body’s metabolism (hence the name metabolic panel) to the healthcare practitioner. The BMP provides information on blood sugar (glucose) level, the balance of electrolytes and fluids, and the function of the kidneys. Abnormal results, and especially combinations of abnormal results, can indicate a problem that needs to be addressed and may require additional testing. The BMP includes the following tests: (i) Blood Glucose Level: This test is conducted to screen for and diagnose diabetes and prediabetes and to monitor for high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) or low blood glucose (hypoglycemia). The normal fasting blood sugar level is from 60-100 mg/100 ml. 50 mg of glucose is then taken, blood sample is withdrawn after 2 hours. Blood sugar reaches to a maximum level and then it returns to normal levels within 1-2 hours. (ii) Blood Calcium level: The total calcium test measures both the free and bound forms. The ionized calcium test measures only the free, metabolically active form. The reference range for blood calcium level in adult is 8.6-10.2 mg/dL. However in case of child there is no fixed reference range. Higher total calcium level (hypercalcemia) than the reference value may be due to hyperparathyroidism, presence of cancerous cell, hyperthyroidism, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis etc. (iii) An electrolyte panel: It is helpful for detecting a problem with the body's fluid and electrolyte balance. The electrolyte panel measures the levels of the main electrolytes in the body such as sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, phosphate and bicarbonate etc. (b) Serum Creatinine– This test is conducted to know how well the kidneys are working. Results of creatinine tests are interpreted along with BUN results, and with other tests results that may have been performed at the same time, such as a renal panel. The reference range male and female of 18-60 yrs age group are 80 - 115 μmol/L and 53 - 97 μmol/L respectively. However in case of male and female of above 60 yrs age group have 71 - 115 μmol/L and 53 - 106 μmol/L respectively. (B) Blood Cholesterol: Normal range is from 100-240 mg/100 mL in healthy young adults. It rises slowly with age. A high serum cholestrol 300 mg/0 l in young adults is a serious indicator of coronary disease. Get in touch with the solution by just clicking the following links- Facebook Group-   / solutionpharamcy   Mobile App - https://play.google.com/store/apps/de... New Channel (Pharmacy Dictionary)    / @pharmacydictionary   E-Mail for official and other work - [email protected] #solutionpharmacy #Pharmacologyclass #Pharmacognosyvideos #GPAT