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Portal Vein Color & Spectral Doppler Ultrasound Normal Vs Abnormal Images | Liver Vascular USG Scan

Portal Vein Color & Spectral Doppler Ultrasound Normal Vs Abnormal Images | Liver Vascular USG Scan *Cases Intro - 0:00 Portal Hypertension - 0:09 Tricuspid Regurgitation - 5:16 Bland Portal Vein Thrombosis - 5:57 Malignant Portal Vein Thrombosis - 7:37 Cavernous Transformation - 8:12 Portal Vein Aneurysm - 8:29 Portal Hypertension: Hepatofugal flow: Blood flow away from the liver. Diminished blood flow (Reduced Velocity: Less than 15 cm/s) Abnormal value of PI Most common cause is liver cirrhosis To and fro flow: Alternating hepatopetal and hepatofugal blood flow Stagnant, low velocity flow (velocity less than 15 cm/s) Lack of blood flow on color doppler due to portal vein thrombosis Collateral veins may develop as a compensatory mechanism to bypass the high-pressure system. Tortuous vascular structures Tricuspid Regurgitation: Pulsatile flow due to backflow of blood into the right atrium, affecting venous return, including that of the portal vein. Bland Portal Vein Thrombosis: Hyperechoic thrombus within the lumen Hypoechoic thrombus within the lumen, usually seen in acute cases Malignant Portal Vein Thrombosis Associated with HCC or other cancers The thrombus will have internal flow Hyperechoic/heterogeneous thrombus Cavernous Transformation: Formation of collaterals around the portal vein, at the porta hepatis Portal Vein Aneurysm: Abnormal focal dilation of portal vein Diameter: Greater than 1.5cm