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Chemistry

In 2025, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar M. Yaghi “for the development of metal-organic frameworks”. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline, porous structures made by linking metal ions with organic (carbon-based) molecules. These frameworks contain internal cavities (or “rooms”) through which gases and molecules can move, and can be engineered to have very large internal surface areas. Some key highlights and potential applications: Water harvesting from desert air — MOFs can absorb moisture even under low humidity conditions. Carbon dioxide capture and sequestration — engineered MOFs can selectively trap CO₂ from air or industrial emissions. Storage of toxic gases / separation of pollutants — MOFs can bind or trap harmful substances (e.g. “forever chemicals”) from water or air. Tailored catalysis and molecular design — by choosing different building blocks, chemists can design MOFs with specific chemical functionalities. One metaphor used by the Nobel committee: a small MOF sample — like the size of a sugar cube — could have an internal surface area comparable to a football field, making it almost like Hermione’s magical handbag from Harry Potter: small externally, but with surprisingly vast capacity #nobelprize #chemistry #nobel #stali