12. Vasodilators: Nitric Oxide Releasers: Anti- Hypertensive Drugs: CVS Pharmacology USMLE Step 1 скачать в хорошем качестве

12. Vasodilators: Nitric Oxide Releasers: Anti- Hypertensive Drugs: CVS Pharmacology USMLE Step 1

📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:- https://t.me/bhanuprakashdr 📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:-   / drgbhanuprakash   📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:- https://linktr.ee/DrGBhanuprakash 12. Vasodilators: Nitric Oxide Releasers: Anti- Hypertensive Drugs: CVS Pharmacology -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nitric oxide (NO) releasers are a crucial class of vasodilators that work by stimulating nitric oxide (NO) production, leading to vascular smooth muscle relaxation 🏞️, reduced blood pressure (BP) 🩸, and improved oxygen delivery 💨. These drugs are primarily used for hypertension (HTN) 🚦, angina 💢, heart failure 💓, and hypertensive emergencies 🚨, as they effectively reduce both preload and afterload on the heart. 🔹 Mechanism of Action 🧬 NO activates guanylate cyclase (GC) 🏗️, increasing cyclic GMP (cGMP) 📉, which promotes smooth muscle relaxation. This results in vasodilation 🏞️, reduced peripheral resistance, and improved blood flow 💓. NO also inhibits platelet aggregation 🩸, making these drugs beneficial in coronary artery disease (CAD) ❤️. 🔹 Key Nitric Oxide Releasing Vasodilators 💊 Nitroglycerin (GTN) 🚀 – Used in angina 💢, heart failure 💓, and hypertensive emergencies 🚨. Isosorbide Dinitrate & Isosorbide Mononitrate 🏥 – Used in chronic stable angina & CHF. Sodium Nitroprusside (SNP) 🌟 – A potent arterial & venous vasodilator, used in hypertensive crises 🚨 and acute heart failure. Hydralazine 🛠️ – Works via NO release, primarily reducing afterload, used in hypertension & heart failure (especially in combination with isosorbide dinitrate in Black patients). 🔹 Clinical Uses 🏥 Hypertension (HTN) 🚦 & Hypertensive Emergencies 🚨 – Rapid BP reduction. Angina 💢 & Myocardial Infarction (MI) ❤️ – Improves coronary blood flow. Heart Failure (CHF) 💓 – Reduces cardiac workload & improves oxygen delivery. Pulmonary Hypertension 🫁 – NO therapy enhances pulmonary vasodilation. 🔹 Side Effects ⚠️ Reflex tachycardia 💓, headache 🤕, and flushing 🥵. Nitrate tolerance 🚧 – Continuous exposure (e.g., GTN patches) reduces drug efficacy, requiring nitrate-free intervals. Cyanide toxicity ☠️ (specific to sodium nitroprusside) in prolonged use. Severe hypotension 🚨, necessitating careful monitoring. NO-releasing vasodilators remain essential in cardiovascular medicine, providing rapid and effective BP control and reducing myocardial oxygen demand 🌿✨. #NitricOxideVasodilators 💊 #CVSPharmacology 🩺 #HypertensionManagement 🚦 #HeartFailureDrugs 💓 #AnginaRelief 💢 #BloodPressureControl 🩸 #Nitroglycerin 🚀 #SodiumNitroprusside 🌟 #MedicalEducation 📚 #MBBSNotes #StudySmart 🧠 #SafeCardiacTherapy ❤️ #VascularHealth 🏥 #NitrateTolerance 🚧 #HypertensiveEmergency 🚨 #medicalanimations #fmge #fmgevideos #rapidrevisionfmge #fmge2024 #mbbslectures #nationalexitexam #nationalexittest #neetpg #usmlepreparation #usmlestep1 #fmge #usmle #drgbhanuprakash #medicalstudents #medicalstudent #medicalcollege #neetpg2025 #usmleprep #usmlevideos #usmlestep1videos #medicalstudents #neetpgvideos #usmlestep2videos