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Employee Participation and Involvement

Employee motivation can be enhanced in some cases through the use of participation and empowerment. Participation occurs when employees have a voice in decisions about their own work. Empowerment is the process of enabling workers to set their own work goals, make decisions, and solve problems within their spheres of responsibility and authority. Thus, empowerment is a somewhat broader concept that promotes participation in a wide variety of areas, including but not limited to work itself, work context, and work environment. The role of participation and empowerment in motivation can be expressed in terms of both the need-based perspectives and the expectancy theory. Employees who participate in decision making ma y be more committed to executing decisions properly. Employees who are given more freedom concerning how they work are likely to need additional training to help them exercise that freedom most effectively.