Phagocytosis Full Lecture | Immunology | Basic Science Series скачать в хорошем качестве

Phagocytosis Full Lecture | Immunology | Basic Science Series

Phagocytosis Full Lecture | Immunology | Basic Science Series Phagocytosis process, immune defense mechanism, cellular homeostasis, phagocytes role, white blood cells, pathogen removal, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, microbial infection prevention, pseudopod function, phagosome formation, lysosomal digestion, digestive enzymes in immunity, phagolysosome activity, bacterial degradation, indigestible materials in cells, waste expulsion in cells, exocytosis process, immune system activation, antigen presentation and phagocytosis. Phagocytosis Phagocytosis is a cellular process where cells engulf large particles or microorganisms, serving as a crucial defense mechanism in the immune system. It involves the cell membrane extending around the target to internalize it into a vesicle known as a phagosome. This process is vital for removing pathogens and dead or damaged cells, maintaining tissue homeostasis. Phagocytes Phagocytes are specialized white blood cells, including macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, that perform phagocytosis. They patrol the body searching for invaders such as bacteria, viruses, and dead cells. Upon recognition, phagocytes engulf these particles to neutralize and eliminate them, playing a key role in innate and adaptive immunity. Microbes for Phagocytosis Microbes targeted for phagocytosis include bacteria, fungi, and viruses. These pathogens are recognized by phagocytes through specific surface receptors that bind to molecules on the pathogens. This recognition triggers the engulfment and subsequent destruction of the microbes, preventing infection and disease. Pseudopods Pseudopods, or "false feet," are temporary, arm-like extensions of the cell membrane of phagocytes. They reach out to surround and engulf particles or microbes during phagocytosis. Pseudopods enable the mobility and ingestion capabilities of phagocytes, allowing them to navigate through tissues and capture targets. Phagosome The phagosome is a membrane-bound vesicle formed inside phagocytes when they engulf particles or microorganisms. It serves as a containment area where the ingested material is held. The phagosome then fuses with lysosomes, forming a phagolysosome where the degradation of the engulfed material begins. Lysosome Lysosomes are organelles within cells containing digestive enzymes. They play a crucial role in phagocytosis by merging with phagosomes to form phagolysosomes. Lysosomes break down complex molecules, ensuring the destruction of pathogens and the recycling of cellular debris. Digestive Enzymes Digestive enzymes in lysosomes are critical for degrading ingested material within phagolysosomes. These enzymes include proteases, lipases, and nucleases, which break down proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, respectively. This enzymatic digestion is essential for the immune defense and nutrient recycling. Phagolysosome The phagolysosome is a cytoplasmic body formed by the fusion of a phagosome with a lysosome. It is the site where ingested pathogens and particles are exposed to digestive enzymes, leading to their breakdown. This process is vital for the elimination of harmful substances and pathogens from the body. Significance of Phagocytosis Phagocytosis is crucial for the immune system, enabling the removal of pathogens, dead cells, and debris, thus preventing infection and promoting tissue repair. It initiates inflammatory responses and activates adaptive immunity by presenting antigens from digested pathogens. This process underscores the body's ability to maintain homeostasis and defend against diseases. WhatsApp group: https://chat.whatsapp.com/HTXQC1Ax2qf... Twitter:   / basic_series   Facebook Group:   / 742235929758671   LinkedIn:   / basic-science-series-a54439208   Instagram:   / basic_science_series   Support my work at https://www.patreon.com/user?u=37177596 Disclaimer: The information provided is for educational purposes only. The content of this channel should not be considered as medical advice of any kind. Use this information at your own risk. We hold no responsibility for any issue, concerns, or damage arising from the content of the video. Under no circumstances this channel be responsible or liable in any way for any content, including but not limited to, any errors or omissions in the content, any loss, any damage of any kind incurred as a result of any content communicated in this video, whether by this channel or a third party. In no event shall this channel be liable for any special indirect or consequential damages of any damages whatsoever resulting from the content of the channel.