Bosons and fermions: the symmetrization postulate скачать в хорошем качестве

Bosons and fermions: the symmetrization postulate

The symmetrization postulate divides all particles in nature between bosons and fermions. 📚 In the video on exchange degeneracy we learn that there are infinitely many states that can mathematically describe a quantum system of many identical particles, but depending on which state we choose we get different predictions from quantum theory. In this video we introduce the symmetrization postulate which resolves this problem by telling us which are the only allowed states. Other consequences of the symmetrization postulate are that all particles in nature are either bosons (with integer spin) or fermions (with half-integer spin), and that two fermions cannot be in the same state, the famous Pauli exclusion principle. 🐦 Follow me on Twitter:   / profmscience   ⏮️ BACKGROUND Identical particles:    • Identical particles in quantum mechanics   Tensor product state spaces:    • Tensor product state spaces   Permutation operators:    • Permutation operators in quantum mechanics   Symmetric and antisymmetric states:    • Symmetric and antisymmetric states of many...   Exchange degeneracy:    • Is quantum mechanics "broken"? | Exchange ...   ⏭️ WHAT NEXT? Second quantization:    • Second quantization   ~ Director and writer: BM Producer and designer: MC