Nucleotide Chemistry - Nucleic Acids , Medical biochemistry скачать в хорошем качестве

Nucleotide Chemistry - Nucleic Acids , Medical biochemistry

📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:-   / drgbhanuprakash   📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:- https://t.me/bhanuprakashdr 📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:- https://linktr.ee/DrGBhanuprakash Nucleotide Chemistry - Nucleic Acids, Medical biochemistry ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The genetic information of an organism is stored in the form of nucleic acids. Nucleic acids, DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid), are long linear polymers composed of nucleotide building blocks. Each nucleotide is comprised of a sugar, a phosphate residue, and a nitrogenous bases (a purine or pyrimidine). DNA is longer than RNA and contains the entire genetic information of an organism encoded in the sequences of the bases. In contrast, RNA only contains a portion of the information and can have completely different functions in the cell. DNA is structurally characterized by its double helix: two opposite, complementary, nucleic acids strands that spiral around one another. The DNA backbone, with alternatively linked sugar and phosphate residues, is located on the outside. The bases are located inside the helix and form the base pairs adenine and thymine or guanine and cytosine, which are linked by hydrogen bonds. The human genome comprises 3.2 x 109 base pairs, which are distributed over 23 pairs of chromosomes. Each chromosome is a linear DNA molecule of a certain length. The chromosome is only well visualized under the light microscope during the metaphase of mitosis, as it is maximally condensed during this phase. Chromosomes are present as pairs in most cells of the body. One chromosome in each of the 23 pairs originates from the mother and the other from the father. Both interrelated chromosomes are termed homologous because they each have a variant of the same gene. Alterations in the number or structure of the chromosomes lead to various conditions, e.g., developmental disorders. Chromosomal assessment with different molecular biology and cytogenetic methods often allows for a clear diagnosis. Nucleotides - Structure ------------------------------------- Nitrogenous base (a purine or pyrimidine) A pentose sugar Phosphate group Bonds Base + sugar → (N-glycosidic bond) → nucleoside + phosphate group at the 3' or 5' C atom of sugar → (ester bond) → nucleotide #nucleotidechemistry #nucleotides #nucleotide #nucleoside #nucleotidebiochemistry #biochemistryofnucleotides