Division of Himalaya | (Basic Idea) Hindi скачать в хорошем качестве

Division of Himalaya | (Basic Idea) Hindi

The Himalaya is among the youngest mountains of the world that is still growing. It is a product of India-Asia plate tectonic collision, and is a classical example of continent-continent collision in the world. Traditionally, the Himalaya is divided geologically into six zones, which are, from south to north. Each zone is bounded by major faults and each has a characteristic stratigraphy which is not easily correlated with adjacent zones. From south to north, the classic subdivisions and major bounding faults are: Sub-Himalaya or Outer Himalaya (or Siwalik Terrane) consisting of molasse sediments (18 to 1 Ma) exposed in the Siwalik Hills (250- 800 m thick), together with their intermontane valleys called the duns (e.g., Dehra Dun). The molasse sediments form an apron of gravelly debris in the middle called the Bhabar. The Outer Himalaya is bounded to the south by the Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), separating it from the vast Holocene Indo-Gangetic Alluvium of the Sindhu-Ganga Trough. The Lesser or Lower Himalaya overthrusts the Sub-Himalaya in the south along the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT). The Lesser Himalaya has an undulating landscape in the middle and mountainous terrain on the sides like Pir Panjal and Dauladhar ranges (3500 m) in Kashmir and Mahabharat Hills (3000 m) in Nepal. This zone contains Palaeoproterozoic (-1800 Ma) and lower Palaeozoic (-500 Ma) sediments some of which are metamorphosed up to greenschist facies. This zone also contains cappings of Tertiary sediments, nappes and klippen of metamorphic rocks (2200 to 1800 Ma) and Pan African granitic intrusions (-550 Ma). The Higher or Greater Himalaya (or Himadri) is separated from the Lesser Himalaya in the south by the Main Central Thrust (MCT). The Higher Himalaya with its high rugged scarps (3000 to 8000 m) consists of Central Crystallines representing the metamorphic core affected by intense ductile deformation and extensive migmatisation. The Central Crystallines (2200-1800 Ma, 500-550 Ma and ~20 Ma) consist of a 10-15 km thick assemblage of mica schists, quartzites, calc-silicate rocks, paragneisses, orthogneisses, migmatites, and Miocene leucogranites. The Tethyan or Tibetan Himalaya is separated from the Higher Himalaya by low angle normal faults called the South Tibetan detachment system which parallels the MCT and dips to the north. It is also called the Trans-Himadri Thrust. The Tethyan Himalaya has 10-17 m thick succession of highly fossiliferous marine sediments of Neoproterozoic (~600 Ma) to Eocene (-65 Ma) ages. The sediments are largely unmetamorphosed and occupy synclinal basins to the south of the famous Indus Tsangpo Suture Zone. The Tethyan Himalaya is bounded by the 50-60 m wide Trans-Himalayan Indus-Tsangpo Suture Zone in the north. The suture zone occurs along the valleys of Indus and Tsangpo Rivers at a height of 3500-5000 m above mean sea level and consists of deep-sea flysch sediments, blue schists and ophiolite melange of the lost Tethys Ocean. This suture is also called the Main Mantle Thrust. In the western Himalaya, a second suture occurs further north called the Shyok Suture Zone that is associated with the Main Karakorum Fault. The Trans-Himalayan batholiths (Karakorum, Ladakh and Kailas Mansrovar) forming a large linear plutonic complex of I-type plutons (gabbro-diorite-granite) ranging in age from 110 to 40 Ma occurs to the north of the Indus-Tsangpo and Shyok suture zones. QUARTZ - Academy Exclusive coaching Institute for Earth Sciences provide coaching related to all geology exam IIT-JAM GATE Regular B.Sc Regular M.Sc All University Entrances CSIR-UGC -NET UGC- SET ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Follow our team : Team Quartz Mr. Nikhil V. Sherekar Sir (Founder of Quartz - Academy and Owner of Vidarbha Diamond Institute) M.Sc Geology (University of Pune) NET-CSIR (AIR-99) UGC-JRF (AIR28) SET PET GATE COC   / nikhil.shere.  .   / mikiback4u   email - nikhilsherekar@outlook.com contact no - 8390377801 Team QUARTZ - Mayur Mararthe Vipin Palaspagar Mayur Bobade Rushikesh Gudadhe Tejas Tantarpale Prachi Bais Avinash Raut Suyash Charthal Ajinkya Wankhade Adarsh malviya Shivani Rajurkar Rushikesh Jaisingpure Rushabh Lanjewar Rutuja Kharpe Akshay wadatkar Akansha Gawande Abhishek Gupta Achal Raut Gayatri Lakade Gopal Deokate Gunjan Tale Mrunal Ganorkar Poonam Deshmukh Vrutvik Malode Abhishek Gudadhe Sanket Vairade Akshay Bhadande Reenal Bhatkar Om Shinde Mahima Gadlinge Working Experience - Lecturer at Geology Department of 1. Shri Shivaji Science College, Amravati 2. Shri Shivaji Science college, Nagpur 3.Sipna Shikshan Prasarak Mandal's Arts Science and Commerce College, Chikhaldara 4. Bharatiya Mahavidyalaya, Amravati