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Telomerase Function - Animation

📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:-   / drgbhanuprakash   📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:- https://t.me/bhanuprakashdr 📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:- https://linktr.ee/DrGBhanuprakash Telomerase Function (Animation) | Medical Biochemistry for USMLE Step 1 | Telomeres, TERT/TERC & Cancer In this high-yield animation, we bring the telomere–telomerase system to life and connect it directly to USMLE Step 1 concepts and Western clinical practice. Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences (TTAGGG in humans) bound by the shelterin complex that cap chromosome ends, prevent end–end fusions, and solve the end-replication problem. During each round of DNA replication, lagging-strand synthesis leaves a 3′ overhang and progressive telomere shortening—driving replicative senescence (Hayflick limit) in most somatic cells. Telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase, counteracts this erosion by using its intrinsic RNA template (TERC) and catalytic subunit (TERT) to extend the 3′ end, allowing DNA polymerase to fill in the complementary strand and restore chromosomal integrity. We walk through the step-by-step mechanism: shelterin exposure of the 3′ overhang, telomerase binding, reverse transcription–based extension, primer realignment, and ligation—then show how activity varies by cell type. High activity is normal in germ cells, stem cells, and activated lymphocytes, whereas low/absent activity in most somatic cells permits controlled aging. Clinically, reactivation of telomerase is a hallmark of many cancers, enabling limitless replicative potential; we highlight the TERT promoter mutations seen in several tumors and contrast with the ALT (Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres) pathway used by some telomerase-negative cancers. We also review telomere biology disorders—including dyskeratosis congenita, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, aplastic anemia, and premature aging phenotypes—to anchor pathophysiology to patient presentations. To round out exam readiness, we cover lab and therapeutic angles: the TRAP assay for measuring telomerase activity, experimental and clinical telomerase inhibitors (e.g., imetelstat), and how telomere length intersects with oncology, hematology, and transplant medicine. By integrating structure, mechanism, regulation, disease links, and therapeutics, this short film converts a tricky molecular topic into a clear, testable framework you can recall instantly on exam day and apply in Western clinical contexts. #Telomerase #Telomeres #USMLEStep1 #MedicalBiochemistry #ReverseTranscriptase #TERT #TERC #Shelterin #EndReplicationProblem #CancerBiology #Aging #StemCells #TRAPAssay #Imetelstat #GenomeStability #DNAReplication #OncologyEducation #MedicalEducationUSA #USMLEPreparation #Step1Prep #USMLEVideos #telomerase #telomerases #telomerasefunction #telomeraseanimation #telomers #molecularbiology #genetics #medicalanimations #cellbiology #cellphysiology #usmle #usmlestep1 #physiology #mbbs #neetpg #medicalvideos #medicallectures #drgbhanuprakash #telomerasefunctions