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Missionary Robert Caldwell

Welcome to Missionary Biography we will see the missionary Robert Caldwell (1814-1891) Robert Caldwell was born in Ireland on 7th May 1814 and he was a missionary, missionary bishop and scholar in ethnographer, historian and philologist. He accepted Christ when he was sixteen and at the age of 23, he joined in LMS(London Mission Society) later went to theological studies in Glasgow university of Scotland and studied Greek, Latin. After graduation with distinction, he got ordination and commissioning into missionary service in Tamil Nadu State India in 8th January 1838, then walked the 800 miles south to the village of Idaiyangudi, ministering to 'the poorest of the poor' in Tinnevelly, the southernmost and one of the hottest districts of India. He found the local people to be hard working, unlettered and poor. Most of them were either Palmyra climbers or agricultural laborers. He established his mission station and established 21 local churches and 9 schools. Caldwell achieved Christian conversion among the lower castes. He married to Eliza Mault in March 1844 and Eliza started boarding schools for girls, introducing home-making and lacemaking so as to enable literature Tamil Christian women to achieve personal, social and financial independence in 1849. Caldwell knew very well the importing knowledge; he found the schools in a pitiable state. They were dwindling and the attendance was very poor. So, he had to coax the children to come to school. As the students were from poorer background, he gave one paisa per day child for attending the classes. Very soon the parents of the pupils, especially the Christians came to realize the values of education and so willingly sent their wards to the schools. Caldwell was consecrated as the Bishop of Tirunelveli in 1877. He felt the need for Indian clergy as new mission workers. One of the early Indian catechists was Rev. A. Masillamani, who was ordained as a deacon in 1856. He was the second Indian to be ordained in the Tirunelveli SPG area. The third one was G. Gnanamuthu who was ordained as a deacon in 1857 and D. Samuel was ordained in 1862. Caldwell encouraged the local believers to take up on them the responsibility to share the gospel with their neighbors and to those in the unreached areas in their reigns. He helped to revise the Tamil Book of Common Prayer; he played a part helping the revised version of the Tamil Bible. He was devoted to learning Tamil and was so attracted by the beauty of the language that he also explored its rich literature and poetry and became familiar with some of the other languages of the region. Caldwell’s scholarly contributions to Tamil culture were wide-ranging and profound. Scholars in the 19th century prior to Caldwell considered Tamil and other South Indian languages to be rooted in Sanskrit and affiliated to the Indo-European language family. He published a book titled 'A Comparative Grammar of the Dravidian or South-Indian Family of Languages' which in later days became an important book for Tamil researchers. He was the first to argue that South India’s four main languages- Tamil, Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam- has a common origin and was separate family of languages altogether distinct from the Aryan family of languages. By arguing that these Dravidian languages of the south were different from those derived from Sanskrit and that their cultures and politics had existed prior to the arrival of Brahmans in the south, going so far as to suggest intrinsic differences in physical anthropology, religion and social structures. At the end of Robert Caldwell's last visit to England when friends tried to persuade the old missionary to remain at home, his reply illustrates his affection for the people of Tamil Nadu: "I wish to die amongst the people for whom I have lived", and in 1891 after half a century of labour, his wish was fulfilled. He and Eliza (1899) are buried under the alter of Holy Trinity, Idaiyangudi. In 1968 a statue of Caldwell stands on the esplanade in Madras(Marina Beach) as a tribute to his contributions to the culture and to the people of Tamil Nadu. In 2010 the government of Tamil Nadu paid this 19th century 'foreign' missionary the considerable compliment of issuing a postage stamp in his memory. On 7th May, 2014 the Tamil Nadu Government observed the bicentenary (200 Yrs.) for his contribution to the Tamil literature. He was described in The Hindu Newspaper as a 'pioneering champion of the downtrodden' and an 'avant-garde social reformer'. Yes, Caldwell is still legend among the Tamil people. Hindu Newspaper about Robert caldwell https://www.thehindu.com/news/nationa... Missionary Robert caldwell https://jealmutamu9096.blogspot.com/2...