Pericardial Cyst - A rare echo finding скачать в хорошем качестве

Pericardial Cyst - A rare echo finding

Patient, 44 years old male, asymptomatic, with no cardiovascular history, performs check-up exams. In front of the image displayed in the video, which diagnostic hypothesis: a) Epicardial fat b) Pericardial effusion c) Pericardial cyst d) Pleural effusion Pericardial cysts are uncommon congenital anomalies that occur almost exclusively in adults in the fourth and fifth decades of life. They are caused by defect in the development of the coelomic cavity, being adhered to the pericardial leaflet, although the communication with the pericardial cavity happens only in the minority of the cases. The cysts vary in diameter from 2 to 5 cm or more and represent 6% of the mediastinal masses, being most asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally to the chest X-ray. They rarely become calcified or break. Acquired cysts are extremely rare and may be associated with mediastinal neoplasia, parasitic infection, traumatic disease or cardiac surgery. The most common symptomatology, when present, is characterized by: chest pain, dyspnea or paroxysmal tachypnea, coughing and palpitations. Occasionally, they may alter cardiovascular hemodynamics or pulmonary expandability and may mimic tricuspid stenosis, pulmonary stenosis, or constrictive pericarditis. The transthoracic echocardiogram is usually enough to establish the diagnosis, and it is occasionally necessary to complement the procedure with the transesophageal examination in cases of atypical or difficult visibility. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging also contribute to differential diagnosis with other mediastinal masses. The aspiration puncture is alternative, because it is diagnostic and therapeutic and presents low mortality. The definitive diagnosis, however, is only confirmed by anatomopathological means. Source: Anderson Ferreira Leite; Igor Ferreira Sales. Bulky pericardial cyst in athlete; Rev Med Minas Gerais 2014; 24 (3): 431-433