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Transform Wide Data to Long Format in R with Group Preservation

Discover how to efficiently transform data from wide to long format in R, while keeping group information intact. Learn step-by-step methods using `pivot_longer` and `pivot_wider`. --- This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/72281250/ asked by the user 'gdeniz' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/8910187/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/72281384/ provided by the user 'Martin Gal' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/12505251/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions. Visit these links for original content and any more details, such as alternate solutions, latest updates/developments on topic, comments, revision history etc. For example, the original title of the Question was: Wide to Long preserving a group Also, Content (except music) licensed under CC BY-SA https://meta.stackexchange.com/help/l... The original Question post is licensed under the 'CC BY-SA 4.0' ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... ) license, and the original Answer post is licensed under the 'CC BY-SA 4.0' ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... ) license. If anything seems off to you, please feel free to write me at vlogize [AT] gmail [DOT] com. --- Transforming Wide Data to Long Format in R While Preserving Groups When working with data in R, it’s common to encounter data frames in a wide format that need to be transformed to a long format for better analysis and visualization. In this guide, we will discuss how to convert a data frame from wide to long while preserving a group column. This transformation can be particularly useful in statistical analysis and modeling where groups are significant. Understanding the Problem Let’s say you have a data frame structured like this: [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] In this structure, columns contain measurements categorized by different groups (g1, g2, g3). The objective is to transform it into a long format with a new group column that denotes the respective groups. The desired long format should look something like this: [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] However, using the simple pivot_longer method may not yield rows ordered by groups as you would like. The Solution: Using pivot_longer and pivot_wider To achieve the desired transformation, we will use pivot_longer from the tidyr package, and afterwards, utilize pivot_wider to reshape the data appropriately. Step-by-Step Guide Load Required Libraries First, make sure that you have the necessary libraries installed and loaded: [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] Transform the Data Frame Use the following code to transform your data frame: [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] The pivot_longer function reshapes the data, splitting the column names based on an underscore _ into two components: name (readout1, readout2) and grp (g1, g2, g3). pivot_wider is then used to spread the name variable into separate columns for readout1 and readout2. Example Result The result of the code above will be a data frame that looks like this: [[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]] Conclusion In conclusion, transforming a wide data frame to a long format while maintaining group information can significantly enhance your data analysis capabilities in R. By using the pivot_longer and pivot_wider functions from the tidyr package, you can achieve a well-structured long format that is organized and easy to work with. Happy coding, and may your data transformations ever be successful!