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France. Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. Hautes-Alpes. Briançon. 28.04.2024. sci alpinismo.

Ouvrage Gondran is a lesser work (petit ouvrage) of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line. The ouvrage consists of one entry block, one infantry block and one observation block. Gondran was commenced in June 1933, and was intended to cover the gap between Janus and Les Aittes. The site is close to two older forts, designated Gondran C and Gondran D. The Maginot fortification became known as Gondran E.[1] The fortified area is near the Les Gondrans portion of the Montgenèvre ski area. See Fortified Sector of the Dauphiné for a broader discussion of the Dauphiné sector of the Alpine Line. The ouvrage was never completed. As the emergency exit was on the same level as the main portion it was used during peacetime as the main entrance. It is sometimes called "Gondran E." Block 1 (entry): one machine gun cloche and one heavy twin machine gun embrasure. Block 2 (infantry): one machine gun embrasure. Block 3 (observation): one observation cloche. Fort Gondran is the center of a series of high-altitude fortifications in the area of Montgenevre, built between 1885 and 1910. The positions were anchored by the main fort, also known as Gondran C 44°53′30.58″N 06°42′49.73″E, with smaller positions designated Gondran A, B and D, extending in a line roughly 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) long. The positions were occupied by 800 men, and were known as the "Gondran line." Gondran A: small infantry position with a breastwork wall shielding the barracks. Gondran B: small infantry position similar to Gondran A. Gondran C: Stone fort at 2,459 metres (8,068 ft) altitude, housing 288 men. Also known as Fort Gondran, built 1887-1890. Gondran D: Stone redoubt, built 1875 500 metres (1,600 ft) south of Gondran C. The redoubt is now used for telecommunications equipment. On 18 June 1940 the ouvrage was fired upon by the Italian Fort Chaberton. Gondran is managed by the Association de Vauban à Maginot, which opens it a few days each year, including Bastille Day. Montgenèvre (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃ʒənɛvʁ]; Occitan: Montginebre; Italian: Monginevro) is a commune on the Italian border in the Hautes-Alpes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France. Montgenèvre is located in the French part of the Cottian Alps. It is on the France–Italy border at the top of the Col de Montgenèvre, after which it is named. The source of the river Darude is in Les Gondrans ski area of Mongenèvre; the river is a tributary of the Rhône. Montgenèvre is a ski resort. It is linked to the Via Lattea ("Milky Way") ski area, which has 410 km (254.7 mi) of pistes. Montgenevre's own ski areas has 85 km (52.8 mi) of pistes comprising 8 green, 13 blue, 17 red and 10 black slopes.[3] The 2001 Winter Olympics were held in the Via Lattea. The resort is famed for its sunshine and good snow records; it is renowned for intermediates with ski to door accommodation. The village is situated at 1,560 metres (5,102 feet), but the resort height begins at 1,722 metres (4,979) while its highest point is 2,632 metres (7, 530 feet). It was built in 1907 and celebrated its centenary year in 2003. It claims to be one of the first ski resorts in France. The town lacks night life, which makes it family friendly. Snowboard facilities include a half pipe, a snow park and two border-crosses. There are 23 lifts: 1 gondola, 2 telemix, 11 chair lifts, 8 drag lifts and 1 magic carpet. There are 49 slopes in Montgenèvre. There is also more than 70 km (43.4 mi) of cross-country skiing terrain. In the Monts de la Lune ski area which is the connection between Montgenèvre and Claviere-Cesana, there are 31 lifts and 94 slopes including 9 green, 25 blue, 45 red and 15 black runs. Montgenèvre has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc). The average annual temperature in Montgenèvre is 4.7 °C (40.5 °F). The average annual rainfall is 773.7 mm (30.46 in) with October as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 13.8 °C (56.8 °F), and lowest in January, at around −2.9 °C (26.8 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Montgenèvre was 28.2 °C (82.8 °F) on 20 August 2012; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −25.0 °C (−13.0 °F) on 6 March 1971. The winter season starts in late November and closes in late April. Alpine Skiing - 85 km in the resort with many lifts and snow-making facilities. Snowboarding - There is a half pipe and many wide slopes for the boarders. Slaloming - There is a slalom course, which has regular competitions. Cross Country Skiing - 70 km of terrain where the French national team train. Heli-Skiing - There are trips organised for the powder on peaks in both Italy and France. Telemark Skiing - Involves walking up the mountain on skis and skiing back down for the super fit. Snow-shoeing - There are numerous beautiful walks across the mountain-sides if you don't feel like skiing. Snowmobiling - every night there are octane-fuelled adrenaline rides through the mountains.....