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Lydia - the name of this small region in western Anatolia is unknown to many. And yet the Lydians, an Anatolian people whose close proximity to the Aegean Sea allowed for the free flow of ideas and culture between Lydia and ancient greece, created an immensely powerful realm which dominated Anatolia and the surrounding territories in the late 7th and early-mid 6th centuries BC. Allied to the Pharaohs and the might of Neo-Assyria, the Lydians were formidable warriors and cavalrymen; their artists and craftsmen, blending anatolian, greek and near eastern forms, created exquisite pottery, painting and metalwork; their kings were the first to mint coinage, revolutionising trade in an innovation which is still used today. The name of their most famous king, Croesus, has become a byword for wealth and riches. In today’s video we will try to uncover more about this little-known people, and to discover the answer to this question: Who were the Lydians? With thanks to my Patreon patrons, Bryce Carlyle, Shauna K, Macgonzo, David Mainayar, Mister Five by Five, Clement Yang, Bryant Davis, Eric Westerberg, Salvatore Martialis, Winn Ing, Malcolm Nelson, NA and Alex Strains! You can join the Patreon to support the channel, watch all the videos ad-free, and access more content. Support the Channel: / thehistories Sources: Payne, Annick. 'The Lydian Empire'. Brouwers, Josho. 'A look at Lydian warfare'. 2013. Greenewalt Jr., Crawford and Heywood, Ann. 'A Helmet of the Sixth Century B. C. from Sardis' in Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research No. 285. Chicago University Press, 1992. Payne, Annick. 'Native Religious Traditions From A Lydian Perspective'. From proceedings of ‘Religious Convergence in the Ancient Mediterranean’, Conference 23-26 June 2016, Palermo, Atlanta, 2019. Ramage, Andrew and Ramage, Nancy. 'Chapter 1. Lydian Pottery: An Overview', in Archaeological Exploration of Sardis Report 8: Ordinary Lydians at Home: The Lydian Trenches of the House of Bronzes and Pactolus Cliff at Sardis. Özgen, İlknur. 'Lydian Treasure' in The Lydians and Their World. 2010. Dale, Alexander. 'WALWET and KUKALIM: Lydian coin legends, dynastic succession, and the chronology of Mermnad kings' in Kadmos 54 (1/2). 2015. Music: Europa - Tecnosine Ambient Jam - Tecnosine Hybrid Guile - Abstract Aprils Vertex - Adi Goldstein Incantation - Scott Buckley Who Listens to Trees Anyway - Ben McElroy All materials are used under fair use for education and commentary. Picture and source credits: https://sites.google.com/view/the-his.... 0:00 - Intro 1:09 - Early History 4:17 - Geography 6:42 - The Mermnad Dynasty 17:05 - Society 22:14 - Culture 24:24 - Economy 28:05 - War 32:31 - Art 36:15 - Language 37:59 - Religion 45:22 - The Fall of Lydia 41:42 - Decline and Fall