Mini-lecture 28: Innate sensors, inflammasomes and CARD8 скачать в хорошем качестве

Mini-lecture 28: Innate sensors, inflammasomes and CARD8

Innate immunity relies on a range of intracellular and extracellular sensors that detect pathogens or cellular damage. These pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) initiate inflammatory signalling pathways that help contain infection and alert the adaptive immune system. In this lecture we review the major classes of innate immune sensors, with a particular focus on inflammasomes, multiprotein complexes that activate caspase-1, leading to the maturation of IL-1β and IL-18 and the induction of pyroptotic cell death. Particular attention is given to the recently defined role of CARD8, an unusual cytosolic sensor that can detect viral protease activity. This elegant mechanism illustrates how the innate immune system can detect pathogen activity, rather than simply recognising microbial molecules. ⸻ Topics covered • Types of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) • Inflammasome activators and downstream effects • CARD8 and viral protease sensing • Role of CARD8 in HIV biology ⸻ © David Fulcher 2026 www.immunology4physicians.com