Amphiphiles - soaps, detergents, phospholipids, surfactants, etc. скачать в хорошем качестве

Amphiphiles - soaps, detergents, phospholipids, surfactants, etc.

A lot of the molecules in our bodies like to hang out with water & will happily put on a water-coat (dissolve in water). We call such water-loving molecules hydrophilic. Other molecules, lipids like oils & fats, water hates and thus excludes - we call these hydrophobic. But it’s not like all molecules are hydrophobic OR hydrophilic. Some molecules are BOTH - one part is hydrophobic and one part is hydrophilic - we call such molecules amphiphilic (aka amphipathic) and they include soaps, detergents, and phospholipids. text adapted from past posts, video new https://bit.ly/amphilphiles Soaps & detergents have a hydrophilic head that water’s cool with and a hydrophobic tail that water rejects. So these molecules orient themselves so that those hydrophobic tails huddle together with the heads sticking out to interact with the water. Their heads are “bulkier” so when they do this, they forms spheres called micelles with room inside for other hydrophobes to reside - if there’s greasy (hydrophobic) gunk present, micelles can form around it, coating that gunk with their hydrophobic tails facing the gunk & hydrophilic heads facing the water. So now, instead of stuck-on gunk, you have a soluble “packet” of gunk you can wash away. They’re also great for reducing surface tension (acting as a surfactant) letting you blow bubbles! As I’ll talk about later, detergents are just “artificial soaps” and we can use them in the lab frequently. Phospholipids are similar to soaps and detergents in that they are amphiphilic because they have hydrophilic heads & hydrophobic tails, but they have multiple tails. They’re bulkier & it’s harder for them to coordinate w/one another to form little spheres - instead they arrange themselves into phospholipid bilayers, which are like sandwiches with the tails as the “peanut butter” and the heads as the breads. This configuration helps them cordon off the watery inside of the particle from the (often watery) outside world.⠀ Phospholipids, the molecules making up cellular membranes, are similar to soaps & detergents in that they are amphiphilic because they have hydrophilic heads & hydrophobic tails, but they have 2 tails. They’re bulkier & it’s harder for them to coordinate w/one another to form little spheres - instead they arrange themselves into bilayer “sandwiches” with the tails in the middle. Now that we’ve gotten the general introductions out of the way, let’s look in depth at what’s going on… https://bit.ly/amphilphiles