Principles of Diffusion and Flow | Mediated Transport Systems скачать в хорошем качестве

Principles of Diffusion and Flow | Mediated Transport Systems

🌊 Principles of Diffusion and Flow 🌊 About Excited to bring you another in-depth Physiology video! This time, we're diving into the principles of diffusion and flow. Get your pens and paper ready to note down all the fascinating details on diffusion, its properties, and so much more. 📚✏️ ▬ 📃 Principles of Diffusion and Flow Process of Diffusion: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 📍The fundamental physical feature of molecules of any substance. 📍A continuous state of movement or vibration. 📍Molecules collide, vibrate, and have random movements. 🌌 ▬ 📜 Magnitude and Direction of Diffusion: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ When glucose diffuses between two compartments of equal volume separated by a barrier permeable to glucose: 🟠 At time A, compartment 1 has glucose at 20 mmol/L, and compartment 2 has none. 🟠 At time B, glucose molecules move into compartment 2, and some move back into compartment 1. 🟠 At time C, diffusion equilibrium is reached, and glucose concentrations are equal in both compartments (10 mmol/L). 🔄⚖️ To know more about the principle of diffusion and the plotted graph for better understanding, watch the video! 🎥✨ ▬ 📃Diffusion Rate Versus Distance: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 🔵 Diffusion times increase proportionally to the square of the distance over which the molecules diffuse. 🔵 It takes a very long time when distances of a few centimeters or more are involved. ▬ 📜 Fick’s First Law of Diffusion: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ The rate of diffusion is directly proportional to: 📍The difference in concentration across the membrane. 📍The surface area of the membrane. 📍The membrane permeability coefficient. 📊🔬 ▬ 📃 Solubility: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 👉 The permeability coefficients of different organic molecules reveal a correlation with their molecular structures. 👉 Polar molecules diffuse slowly or not at all, while nonpolar molecules diffuse rapidly across plasma membranes. 🧬 ▬ 📜 Diffusion of Ions Through Ion Channels: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 🟢 Ions such as sodium, potassium, chloride, and calcium diffuse across plasma membranes at faster rates. 🟢 Artificial lipid bilayers without protein are practically impermeable to these ions, indicating that the protein component of the membrane is responsible for permeability differences. ⚡🔄 ▬ 📃 Characteristics of Ion Channels: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Ion channels show selectivity for the type of ions that can diffuse through them, based on: 🟣 Channel diameter 🟣 Charged polypeptide subunits 🟣 Waters of hydration 🌐🔒 ▬ 📜 Model of Ion Channel: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 🟤 Composed of five polypeptide subunits. 🟤 Channel subunit consists of an integral membrane protein with four transmembrane segments. 🟤 Ion channel consists of five subunits. 📑🛠️ ▬ 📃 Effects of Electrical Forces on Ion Movement: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 🟡 Separation of electrical charge across plasma membranes creates a membrane potential. 🟡 Ion fluxes across membranes depend on the concentration and electrical differences (membrane potential). These form a combined electrochemical gradient. ⚡🔋 ▬ 📜 Regulation of Diffusion Through Ion Channels: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Ion channels can exist in open or closed states, and changes in membrane permeability to ions occur rapidly as these channels open or close. This process is known as Channel Gating, influenced by: ☛ Binding of ligand ☛ Change of membrane potential ☛ Physical deformation 🔄🔧 ▬ 📃 Mediated-Transport Systems: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 🔴 Involve the passage of molecules and the non-diffusional movements of ions mediated by transporters. 🔴 Two types of mediated transport: 👉 Facilitated diffusion 👉 Active transport 🚪🔄 ▬ 📜 Magnitude of Solute Flux: ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Determined by four factors: 📍Solute concentration 📍Affinity of transporters for the solute 📍Number of transporters 📍Rate of conformational change To discover all the details and insights, watch the video! All the information is just a click away. 🎥🖱️ 👉 Don't forget to like, share, and subscribe for more fascinating content! 👍📢🔔 ▬ 🎬 5500+ sqadia.com Medical Videos ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 👩🏻‍⚕️ Accessible Medical Student Education 24/7/365 💡 Simplifying Medical Learning 💪 Study Hard, Dream Big, Achieve More #Diffusion #Physiology #ScienceExplained #Biology #sqadia #EducationalVideo #ScienceAnimation #MolecularBiology #CellBiology #IonChannels