Aphasia - Unable to Communicate: Top 7 Causes and treatment скачать в хорошем качестве

Aphasia - Unable to Communicate: Top 7 Causes and treatment

Definition of Aphasia: Aphasia is a communication disorder where a person struggles with speaking, understanding, reading, or writing. It often affects both expression and comprehension. Top Causes: Stroke: The leading cause, responsible for about 40 percent of cases. Traumatic Brain Injury: Common in younger individuals due to accidents. Neurodegenerative Diseases: Gradual onset in conditions like Alzheimer’s or Primary Progressive Aphasia. Brain Tumors: Compression in language areas. Brain Infections: Severe cases like encephalitis or meningitis. Common Symptoms: Anomia: Difficulty finding words, especially names of objects or people. Paraphasia: Using incorrect words or sounds, such as "tephelone" for "telephone." Agrammatism: Simplified or grammatically incorrect sentences (e.g., "Go store" instead of "I am going to the store"). Non-Fluent Speech: Slow, effortful speech with long pauses. Comprehension Issues: Difficulty understanding spoken or written language. Types of Aphasia: Broca’s Aphasia: Labored, telegraphic speech; intact comprehension; often with right-sided weakness. Wernicke’s Aphasia: Fluent but nonsensical speech; poor comprehension; possible visual field deficits. Symptoms Specific to Wernicke’s Aphasia: Creation of new words (neologisms). Misunderstanding simple instructions. Psychiatric-like behaviors due to frustration or lack of self-awareness. Prognosis: Better for Broca’s aphasia (70 percent significant recovery with therapy in one year). Poorer for Wernicke’s aphasia due to comprehension deficits. Treatment Approaches: Speech therapy is essential across all types. Cognitive rehabilitation and neurostimulants for traumatic cases. Medications like donepezil for cognitive recovery. Early intervention improves outcomes significantly. Language Delay in Children: Common in 7–10 percent of children, often due to genetics or environmental factors. Early therapy (ages 2–4 years) leads to excellent outcomes. Key Prognostic Markers: For children: Using words by age three, high nonverbal IQ, and a supportive environment. For adults: Early rehabilitation and preserved comprehension predict better recovery. Real-Life Examples: A person with Broca’s aphasia might say, "Go store" instead of, "I went to the store." A person with Wernicke’s aphasia might say, "The apple ran to the table" when they mean, "I ate an apple." By Fatemeh Geranmayeh, Sonia L. E. Brownsett, Richard J. S. Wise - "Task-induced brain activity in aphasic stroke patients: what is driving recovery?" Fatemeh Geranmayeh, Sonia L. E. Brownsett, Richard J. S. Wise. Brain 2014 Oct 28;137(Pt 10):2632-48. Epub 2014 Jun 28. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awu163, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By Polygon data were generated by Database Center for Life Science(DBCLS)[2]. - Polygon data are from BodyParts3D[1], CC BY-SA 2.1 jp, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By UX Stalin, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... Disclaimer: This information is provided for general knowledge and educational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult with your doctor for any questions or concerns you may have about your health.