Stroke Mechanisms: Ischemic Depolarization & Cortical Spreading Depression Explained скачать в хорошем качестве

Stroke Mechanisms: Ischemic Depolarization & Cortical Spreading Depression Explained

Stroke Mechanisms: Ischemic Depolarization & Cortical Spreading Depression Explained Stroke, or Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA), is the second leading cause of death and the primary cause of disability globally. The brain relies heavily on energy for ion transport processes that maintain ionic homeostasis. In ischemic conditions, energy depletion disrupts these processes, resulting in ischemic depolarization (ID) and potentially cortical spreading depression (CSD). This video delves into the mechanisms behind these phenomena, including potassium accumulation, calcium depletion, and mitochondrial dysfunction in stroke. Using the Mongolian gerbil as an animal model, we explore the effects of unilateral and bilateral carotid artery occlusion, how different ischemic severities impact ionic changes, and the relationship between mitochondrial function and stroke recovery. Our study reveals key insights into the kinetics of ischemic depolarization, cortical spreading depression, and recovery in brain ischemia. ✅ Key Takeaways: Understanding ischemic depolarization (ID) and cortical spreading depression (CSD) in stroke Role of energy depletion and mitochondrial function in ischemic stroke The impact of carotid artery occlusion on brain ischemia Correlation of potassium and calcium changes during stroke events Insights from the Mongolian gerbil animal model for ischemic stroke research 🔔 Stay informed about the latest stroke research to help improve treatment and recovery strategies! ********************************** Mitochondrial Function and Brain Physiological Activities in Ischemic Stroke Layman Abstract : Stroke, also known as Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA), is the second leading cause of death and the top cause of long-term disability worldwide. A stroke happens when the blood flow to the brain is suddenly reduced, cutting off oxygen and energy. The brain uses a lot of energy to maintain balance in its chemical environment, especially through the action of special pumps that control the movement of ions like potassium (K⁺) and calcium (Ca²⁺). When the brain doesn't get enough energy due to a stroke, these pumps stop working properly. As a result, potassium starts to build up outside brain cells, triggering a harmful process called ischemic depolarization (ID). During ID, potassium levels outside the cells increase dramatically, while calcium levels drop. A related effect, called Cortical Spreading Depression (CSD), can also occur during mild strokes due to the potassium leak. To understand these processes better, researchers studied strokes in Mongolian gerbils—a useful animal model. The study tested how different levels of blood flow blockage (one or both carotid arteries) affected brain energy and ion balance. Key findings: When both arteries were blocked, all gerbils showed signs of ischemic depolarization within 1–2 minutes. When only one artery was blocked, about 60% of gerbils had this reaction. The potassium increase was either full-blown or didn’t happen at all—there was no in-between. The longer the blockage, the longer it took for potassium levels to return to normal. If ID didn’t happen during the stroke, CSD often occurred during recovery. In summary, the severity and effects of a stroke on brain function depend on how long and how much the brain is deprived of oxygen. The build-up of potassium outside brain cells is closely tied to how much the brain’s energy supply is reduced. View Book:https://bookstore.bookpi.org #Stroke #CerebrovascularAccident #IschemicStroke #BrainIschemia #CorticalSpreadingDepression #IschemicDepolarization #CBF #MitochondrialFunction #BrainEnergyMetabolism #PotassiumLeakage #CalciumLevels #BrainCirculation #Neurobiology #StrokeResearch #AnimalModel #MongolianGerbil #Neurodegeneration #StrokeRecovery #EnergyDepletion #BrainFunction #StrokeMechanism Related keyword: Stroke Mechanisms Cortical Spreading Depression Explained Ischemic stroke mechanisms Ischemic depolarization Cortical spreading depression Stroke recovery Brain ischemia model Carotid artery occlusion Mitochondrial dysfunction and stroke Potassium and calcium changes in stroke Mongolian gerbil ischemia model Brain ionic homeostasis Energy depletion in ischemia Stroke-related brain damage Neurological research on stroke