Examples of Mucocutaneous Disorders and their Causal Mechanism for Paraneoplastic Syndrome скачать в хорошем качестве

Examples of Mucocutaneous Disorders and their Causal Mechanism for Paraneoplastic Syndrome

mucocutaneous disorders that can occur as part of paraneoplastic syndromes, along with their proposed causal mechanisms: 1. Malignant Acanthosis Nigricans Characterized by velvety, hyperpigmented plaques in skin folds and sometimes mucosa. It’s strongly associated with gastric adenocarcinoma. The tumor is thought to secrete transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-α), which stimulates epidermal growth via the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway. 2. Paraneoplastic Pemphigus (PNP) A severe blistering disease linked to non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and Castleman disease. Autoantibodies target desmogleins and plakin proteins, disrupting cell adhesion in skin and mucous membranes. 3. Sweet’s Syndrome (Acute Febrile Neutrophilic Dermatosis) Presents with painful, red plaques and fever. Often associated with hematologic malignancies like acute myeloid leukemia. Believed to result from cytokine dysregulation, especially elevated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), leading to neutrophilic infiltration of the skin. 4. Dermatomyositis Features include heliotrope rash and Gottron’s papules. Associated with ovarian, lung, and gastric cancers. The mechanism may involve immune cross-reactivity between tumor antigens and muscle/skin components. 5. Necrolytic Migratory Erythema Seen in glucagonoma, a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. The rash is due to hyperglucagonemia, which causes amino acid and zinc deficiencies, impairing skin integrity. 6. Bazex Syndrome (Acrokeratosis Paraneoplastica) Presents with psoriasiform lesions on the hands, feet, ears, and nose. Often linked to upper aerodigestive tract cancers. The mechanism is unclear but may involve tumor-induced immune dysregulation. #Mucocutaneous