Mendelian Disorders: Inheritance, Types and Examples скачать в хорошем качестве

Mendelian Disorders: Inheritance, Types and Examples

Mendelian disorders are genetic disorders caused by mutation in a single gene and are inherited according to Mendel’s laws of inheritance. These disorders show predictable inheritance patterns such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and sex-linked (X-linked) inheritance. Since only one gene is involved, they are also called monogenic disorders. Causes Mutation or alteration in the DNA sequence of a gene The mutation may be inherited from parents or occur spontaneously Types of Mendelian Disorders Autosomal Dominant Disorders Only one mutant allele is sufficient to express the disorder Affected individual has at least one affected parent Examples: Huntington’s disease Achondroplasia Polydactyly Autosomal Recessive Disorders Disorder is expressed only when both alleles are mutant Parents are usually carriers Examples: Sickle cell anaemia Phenylketonuria Thalassemia Sex-linked (X-linked) Disorders Caused by mutation in genes present on the X chromosome More common in males as they have only one X chromosome Examples: Haemophilia Colour blindness Duchenne muscular dystrophy Characteristics of Mendelian Disorders Follow Mendelian inheritance ratios Usually show clear inheritance patterns in pedigrees Do not depend on environmental factors for inheritance Can be predicted using Punnett square analysis Importance Help in understanding human genetics and inheritance Useful in genetic counselling Aid in early diagnosis and management of genetic diseases 👉 In competitive exams (HTET, DSSSB, PGT Biology), questions are commonly asked on types, examples, inheritance pattern, and pedigree analysis of Mendelian disorders. If you want, I can also: Add neat labeled diagrams Provide exam-oriented short notes Create 10-mark or 5-mark answers Give previous year questions Just tell me 😊 #htetpgtbiology #htet #nvs #biology #dsssb #viral #foryou #kvs #uppgt #explorepage