VIPoma pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors secrete excessive amounts of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide скачать в хорошем качестве

VIPoma pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors secrete excessive amounts of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide

A VIPoma is a rare type of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor that secretes excessive amounts of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). This overproduction of VIP leads to a condition known as Verner-Morrison syndrome or WDHA syndrome (Watery Diarrhea, Hypokalemia, Achlorhydria). Symptoms Watery Diarrhea: Profound and chronic watery diarrhea, often exceeding 1 liter per day. Hypokalemia: Low levels of potassium in the blood due to excessive loss through diarrhea. Achlorhydria: Absence of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Dehydration: Resulting from prolonged diarrhea. Flushing: Facial flushing similar to carcinoid syndrome. Hypotension: Low blood pressure due to vasodilation. Hypercalcemia: Elevated calcium levels in the blood. Hyperglycemia: Elevated blood sugar levels. Diagnosis Blood Tests: Elevated levels of VIP in the blood. Imaging: CT scan or MRI to locate the tumor. Stool Examination: To rule out other causes of diarrhea. Treatment Fluid Replacement: Intravenous fluids to manage dehydration. Medications: Octreotide to reduce VIP secretion and control diarrhea. Surgery: Removal of the tumor, which can be curative if the tumor hasn't spread. Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT): For metastatic disease, delivering targeted radiation to the tumor #Vipoma