White Blood Cells in Physiology: Structure, Types and Essential Immune Functions скачать в хорошем качестве

White Blood Cells in Physiology: Structure, Types and Essential Immune Functions

White blood cells (WBCs), also known as leukocytes, are nucleated cells of the blood that play a vital role in body defense and immunity. They are formed in the bone marrow and lymphoid tissues and circulate in the blood and lymph. Structurally, WBCs are larger than red blood cells and contain a nucleus. Based on the presence of cytoplasmic granules, they are classified into granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils) and agranulocytes (lymphocytes and monocytes). Their main functions include: Defense against infections through phagocytosis (mainly neutrophils and monocytes). Immunity: Lymphocytes provide specific (adaptive) immunity—B cells produce antibodies, while T cells regulate and destroy infected cells. Allergic and inflammatory responses: Eosinophils and basophils participate in allergic reactions and release inflammatory mediators like histamine. Removal of dead cells and debris to maintain tissue health. Protection against parasites especially by eosinophils. The normal WBC count ranges from 4,000–11,000/µL of blood, and abnormalities may indicate infection, inflammation, immune disorders, or bone marrow problems. #WhiteBloodCells #Leukocytes #Physiology #ImmuneSystem #Granulocytes #Agranulocytes #Neutrophils #Lymphocytes #Monocytes #Eosinophils #Basophils #Immunity #Hematology