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Chakravarti Rajagopalachari

That was freedom fighter and last Governor-General of India, and the only Indian to hold the position, Bharat Ratna Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, on the Opening of Madras All India Radio Studio. Popularly known as Rajaji, he was born on 10th December, 1878 and was a confidante of Mahatma Gandhi, who used to call him the ‘keeper of my conscience’.Rajaji was born in Thorapalli, Madras Presidency. He,completed law degree from Presidency College, Madras and began his criminal law practice in Salem. He joined public life after becoming the chairperson of the municipality of Salem in 1917. His personal interaction with Gandhiji led him to give up his legal profession in 1919, and thereafter he fully dedicated himself to the cause of the Independence movement. He participated in agitations against the Rowlatt Act, the Non-Cooperation movement, the Vaikom Satyagraha, and the Civil Disobedience Movement. When Mahatma Gandhi led the Dandi March in 1930, Rajagopalachari did the same at Vedaranyam, in the then Madras Presidency. He was jailed five times by the British authorities for his active role in the freedom struggle.Following the Madras Elections in 1937, the Congress came to power in the Madras Presidency and Rajagopalachari was elected as the first Premier of the Presidency. In 1939, Rajagopalachari issued the Temple Entry Authorization and Indemnity Act, under which so called lower castes were allowed to enter temples. Rajaji was elected to the Constituent Assembly from Madras. He was also appointed as Governor of West Bengal during the time of partition. After Independence, Rajagopalachari was chosen to be the last Governor-General of India and his tenure lasted from June 21 in 1948 to January 26 in 1950. He briefly served as Tamil Nadu’s Chief Minister between 1952 and 1954. He also founded Swatantra PartyRajagopalachari was an accomplished writer who made lasting contributions to Indian English literature and is also credited with the composition of the song Kurai Onrum Illai set to Carnatic music. His most popular works include a retelling of the Mahabharata and Ramayana in English. In 1954 he was conferred with the Bharat Ratna for his contribution to Indian politics and literature. Rajaji passed away on 25th December 1972.