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Principle and working of cyclotron

Cyclotron- Principle, Construction & Working Cyclotron A cyclotron is a device used to accelerate charged particles to high energies. It was devised by Lawrence Principle Cyclotron works on the principle that a charged particle moving normal to magnetic field experiences magnetic Lorentz force due to which the particle moves in a circular path. Working: When a positive ion of charge q and mass m is emitted from the source, it is accelerated towards the Dee having a negative potential at that instant of time. Due to the normal magnetic field, the ion experiences magnetic Lorentz force and moves in a circular path. By the time the ion arrives at the gap between the Dees, the polarity of the Dees gets reversed. Hence the particle is once again accelerated and moves into the other Dee with a greater velocity along a circle of greater radius. Thus the particle moves in a spiral path of increasing radius. The particle with high energy is now allowed to hit the target T. The cyclotron is a machine to accelerate charged particles or ions to high energies. It was invented by E.O. Lawrence and M.S. Livingston in 1934 to investigate nuclear structure. The cyclotron uses both electric and magnetic fields in combination to increase the energy of charged particles. As the fields are perpendicular to each other they are called crossed fields. The cyclotron uses the fact that the frequency of revolution of the charged particle in a magnetic field is independent of its energy. The particles move most of the time inside two semicircular disc-like metal containers, D1 and D2, which are called dees as they look like the letter D. Figure 4.8 shows a schematic view of the cyclotron. Inside the metal boxes, the particle is shielded and is not acted on by the electric field. The magnetic field, however, acts on the particle and makes it go round in a circular path inside a dee. Every time the particle moves from one dee to another it is acted upon by the electric field. The sign of the electric field is changed alternately in tune with the circular motion of the particle. This ensures that the particle is always accelerated by the electric field. Each time the acceleration increases the energy of the particle. As energy increases, the radius of the circular path increases. So the path is a spiral one. The whole assembly is evacuated to minimise collisions between the ions and the air molecules. A high frequency alternating voltage is applied to the dees. In the sketch shown in Fig. 4.8, positive ions or positively charged particles (e.g., protons) are released at the centre P. They move in a semi-circular path in one of the dees and arrive in the gap between the dees in a time interval T/2; where T, the period of revolution. Moving Charges n Magnetism 11 : Cyclotron : Construction-Working-Uses-Limitations JEE /NEET You can see a listing of all my videos on my website, www.epiceducation.in Support my channel by doing all of the following: (1) Subscribe, get all my physics, chemistry, and math videos (2) Give me a thumbs up for this video (3) Leave me a positive comment (4) Share is Caring, sharing this video with all of your friends To start free and paid test series Search in google following websites and then join them www.epiceducation.in www.royaliitacademy.courseplay.in/ JOIN OUR TELEGRAM CHANNEL @JEENEETclasses for any study material of 9 to 12 class of every subject and JEE+NEET Study Material https://t.me/JEENEETclasses ​ Follow this link to join my WhatsApp group: https://chat.whatsapp.com/26lB6w5QPV5 ​... Electric Potential And Capacitance NCERT Numericals Class 12    • Electric Potential And Capacitance NCERT N...  . Microscopic form of OHMS law current    • Microscopic form of OHMS law current 3-5  . Temperature coefficient of resistance current    • Temperature coefficient of resistance curr...  . #Cyclotron #working of cyclotron #principle and working of cyclotron #cyclotron #cyclotron working #cyclotron working principle and construction #cyclotron working model #cyclotron iit jee #cyclotron animation #cyclotron working video #cyclotron #cyclotron uses #cyclotron derivation #project on cyclotron #radiochemistryuses of cyclotron #application of cyclotron #cyclotron frequency #physics cyclotron #working principle of cyclotron #superconductorcyclotron working #cyclotron accelerator #cyclotron explain in hindi #cyclotron class 12 in hindi #cyclotron in hindi