Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma || PACG || Glaucoma part - 3 || Ophtha Lecture скачать в хорошем качестве

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma || PACG || Glaucoma part - 3 || Ophtha Lecture

Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma || PACG || Glaucoma part - 3 || Ophtha Lecture Glaucoma introduction :   • Glaucoma || Part - 1 || Ophtha Lecture   Primary congenital glaucoma :    • Primary  Congenital  Glaucoma  || Glaucoma...   Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma :   • Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma || PACG || ...   Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma:   • Primary Open Angle Glaucoma || POAG || Gla...   Treatment of Glaucoma:    • Treatment of Glaucoma || Glaucoma Part- 5 ...   Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is a serious eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP) due to the blockage of fluid drainage from the eye. This blockage occurs in the angle, the space between the cornea and iris. Understanding PACG involves exploring its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Causes: PACG often results from anatomical predispositions such as a shallow anterior chamber, a thickened lens, or a crowded angle. These factors contribute to the obstruction of the trabecular meshwork, a drainage structure in the eye. Age, genetics, and ethnicity also play roles in predisposing individuals to PACG. Symptoms: Patients with PACG may experience sudden and severe eye pain, headache, blurred vision, and halos around lights. Nausea and vomiting can accompany these symptoms, indicating an acute attack. Chronic PACG may manifest with gradual vision loss, usually peripheral vision, if left untreated. Diagnosis: Ophthalmologists diagnose PACG through a comprehensive eye examination. This includes measuring IOP, assessing the angle through gonioscopy, and evaluating the optic nerve for signs of damage. Imaging techniques like optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual field tests help in determining the extent of vision loss. Treatment: Immediate intervention is crucial during an acute attack. Medications like pilocarpine or oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors aim to reduce IOP quickly. Laser therapy, such as laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI), creates a hole in the peripheral iris, improving fluid drainage. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to enhance drainage, either through trabeculectomy or implantation of drainage devices. Complications: If left untreated, PACG can lead to irreversible vision loss. Chronic elevation of IOP damages the optic nerve, resulting in glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Complications may extend beyond the eye, affecting the overall quality of life and mental health. Prevention: Regular eye check-ups are vital, especially for individuals with risk factors. Early detection and management of anatomical variations or conditions predisposing to PACG can prevent its development. Awareness of symptoms and seeking prompt medical attention during an acute attack are crucial for preventing irreversible damage. Global Impact: PACG is a global health concern, particularly in Asian populations where the prevalence is higher. The economic burden of treating glaucoma-related vision loss is substantial. Public health initiatives focusing on awareness, early detection, and accessible treatment options are essential for reducing the impact of PACG worldwide. Research and Innovation: Ongoing research aims to uncover genetic factors contributing to PACG and develop targeted therapies. Advancements in imaging technologies enhance early diagnosis, while innovative surgical techniques offer improved outcomes and reduced complications. Conclusion: Primary angle closure glaucoma is a sight-threatening condition necessitating timely intervention. Understanding its causes, recognizing symptoms, and seeking regular eye examinations are pivotal in preventing vision loss. Ongoing research and advancements in treatment modalities provide hope for better outcomes, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive approach to managing this challenging eye disorder. #mbbsfighters #PACG #ophthalmology