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Intrauterine Device (IUD)

What are IUDs and how do they work? An intrauterine device or an IUD is a type of birth control. It is inserted into the uterus by a medical professional and once in place it can prevent pregnancy for 3 to 10 years depending on the type of IUD. If you decide to get pregnant the IUD can be taken out at any time by your healthcare provider. There are two types of IUDs -A Copper IUD commonly known as Paraguard in the US or referred to as a Copper T. This is a non hormonal IUD which has a flexible plastic frame with a copper wire coiled around it. The copper produces an inflammatory response in the uterus which is toxic to the sperm and it also prevents a fertilized egg from attaching to the uterine lining thus preventing pregnancy. Once inserted, it can prevent pregnancy for up to 10 years. -A hormonal IUD - this has a T shaped plastic frame and contains progestin which is the synthetic form of the hormone progesterone. These work by causing a thickening of the cervical mucus - which makes it harder for the sperm to swim up to the fallopian tubes, it makes the uterine lining thinner which does not allow a fertilized egg to attach and it partially suppresses ovulation. Depending on the amount of progestin they contain, hormonal IUDs can prevent pregnancy from 3 to 8 years. Both IUDs are T shaped with strings attached at the bottom which extend into your vagina. These help your doctor remove the IUD when needed. Insertion of an IUD takes about 15 minutes or so and can only be performed by a healthcare provider. You might be given a numbing injection to minimize pain. You might experience cramping at the time of insertion. Once inserted IUDs are more than 99% effective in preventing pregnancy. They do not however protect from sexually transmitted diseases. So if STDs are a concern, make sure to use condoms in addition to an IUD. #contraception #birthcontrol #IUD #intrauterinedevice #hormonalcontraception #paraguard #mirena #pregnancyprevention #womenshealth #fertilihealth #patienteducation #reproductivehealth #fertility #iudinsertion