Clinical Fundamentals of Acid-Base Homeostasis and Disorders скачать в хорошем качестве

Clinical Fundamentals of Acid-Base Homeostasis and Disorders

This text outlines the fundamental principles of acid-base balance, defining how the body maintains a strict pH range through chemical buffers and renal regulation. It details the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation as a vital tool for understanding the relationship between bicarbonate and carbon dioxide. The source categorizes clinical disorders into acidosis and alkalosis, further distinguishing between metabolic and respiratory origins. Each condition is explored through its specific pathophysiological causes, such as renal failure or hyperventilation, and the resulting compensatory shifts in the lungs and kidneys. Additionally, the material describes the systemic impacts of these imbalances on the cardiovascular, nervous, and skeletal systems. Finally, it provides clinical management strategies, emphasizing the importance of stabilization and addressing underlying electrolyte disturbances like hyperkalemia.