Managing Diabetes in Cold Weather by Dr. Mohammad Hayat Bhat, HOD, Endocrinology GMC Srinagar скачать в хорошем качестве

Managing Diabetes in Cold Weather by Dr. Mohammad Hayat Bhat, HOD, Endocrinology GMC Srinagar

Overview and Management of Diabetes, Managing Diabetes in Cold Weather by Dr. Mohammad Hayat Bhat, MD DM (Endocrinology), PGI Chandigarh Head of Department, Endocrinology, Government Medical College Srinagar Overview and Management Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels. Without proper management, it can lead to serious complications, including heart disease, stroke, kidney damage, and nerve damage. Types of Diabetes 1. Type 1 Diabetes: An autoimmune condition where the body destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Requires insulin therapy, regular blood sugar monitoring, and lifelong management. 2. Type 2 Diabetes: Characterized by insulin resistance or insufficient insulin production. Often linked to obesity, inactivity, and genetic predisposition. Managed through lifestyle changes, oral medications, and sometimes insulin therapy. 3. Gestational Diabetes: Occurs during pregnancy due to hormonal changes affecting insulin sensitivity. Temporary but increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Managed with a healthy diet, regular exercise, and blood sugar monitoring. Management of Diabetes 1. General Guidelines: Diet: Focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Avoid refined carbs, added sugars, and saturated fats. Exercise: Engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity weekly. 2. Type-Specific Management: Type 1 Diabetes: Insulin therapy, carbohydrate counting, and frequent blood sugar monitoring. Type 2 Diabetes: Lifestyle changes, oral medications, and sometimes insulin therapy. Managing Diabetes in Cold Weather 1. Protect Medicines and Devices: Store insulin in a cool but not freezing environment; frozen insulin is ineffective. Protect insulin pumps and CGMs from freezing temperatures with insulated containers. 2. Prepare a Backup Kit: Keep spare insulin, glucose tablets, snacks, testing supplies, and extra batteries in case of emergencies. 3. Monitor Blood Sugar Frequently: Cold weather and illness can affect blood sugar levels. Warm your hands before testing to avoid discomfort. 4. Stay Warm Safely: Use blankets, warm beverages, or gentle indoor activities to stay warm. Avoid burns by checking the temperature of electric blankets or heating pads. 5. Get Vaccinated: Annual flu vaccinations can reduce the risk of illness and complications. 6. Prevent Dry Skin and Infections: Moisturize regularly to prevent dryness and cracking. Inspect your feet daily for signs of cuts or swelling and address any issues promptly. 7. Stay Active Indoors: Try indoor exercises to stay physically active during winter. 8. Make Healthy Food Choices: Eat balanced and healthy meals. 9. Plan for Emergencies: Stock essential supplies, including food, water, and medical items. Keep devices fully charged. By prioritizing preparation, regular monitoring, and proactive care, individuals can effectively manage diabetes and navigate the challenges of winter. Proper management enhances quality of life and minimizes complications. Collaborate with healthcare providers for personalized advice and support.