6th May 1906: Russia's Constitution of 1906, known as the Fundamental Laws скачать в хорошем качестве

6th May 1906: Russia's Constitution of 1906, known as the Fundamental Laws

Mounting discontent with the absolutist rule of Tsar Nicholas II had led to the Russian Revolution of 1905 that saw a series of protests, strikes, and uprisings across the Russian Empire. These eventually forced Nicholas to issue the October Manifesto that promised basic civil liberties and the establishment of the State Duma, an elected legislative body. These promises were implemented through a redrafting of the 1832 Fundamental Laws, and served as the new constitution that was formally enacted on 6 May, 1906. Alongside the establishment of the bicameral State Duma, the constitution granted citizens freedom of speech, assembly, and association, and provided for the protection of private property. Consequently the Russian Constitution marked a significant step towards representative government in Russia. However, it also contained provisions that preserved the authority of the monarchy. For example, the Tsar retained the ability to dissolve the State Duma and veto legislation, which limited the effectiveness of the elected representatives. Additionally, the composition of the State Council, with its appointed members, raised questions about the true extent of popular representation in the government. In subsequent years the country continued to grapple with social, economic, and political challenges as Nicholas abhorred the restrictions on his power. While the Russian Constitution of 1906 was therefore a step towards political modernization in Russia, its limitations and ambiguities contributed to continued instability that would come to a head in the Revolution of 1917.