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ntlm relay explained

NTLM Relay Explained — Quick Reel (under 1 min) Why NTLM relay still works, and how attackers use it to escalate from a captured authentication to full compromise — explained in under a minute. What you’ll learn in this reel • A short, clear breakdown of how NTLM’s challenge/response works. • The core flaw that makes relay attacks possible: the server verifies validity, not origin. • A real lab example (KAKAROOT) showing how a captured NTLM response from an Exchange server can be relayed to a CA web enrollment service to obtain a certificate and then authenticate as the machine account. • High-level tools & techniques demonstrated for learning purposes only. Tools & topics mentioned NTLM, NTLMv2, SMB, Responder, ntlmrelayx, AD CS / certificate templates, web enrollment, ProxyShell (lab context), cert-based auth (certipy). These are referenced as learning tools—do not use them against systems you don’t own or have explicit permission to test. Want to practice this safely? If you’d like hands-on practice, do it in isolated labs or virtual ranges (your own AD/Exchange lab). I practiced this on the KAKAROOT lab — check out redsaiyan.com for lab-style content and walkthroughs. Notes & ethics This video is for educational and defensive purposes. Never run offensive tools against systems you don’t own or have written authorization to test. Misuse is illegal and unethical. Like the vid? If this helped, hit LIKE, SUBSCRIBE, and ring the bell — I post short, focused security explainers and lab demos regularly. Want a longer walkthrough of this technique? Say so in the comments and I’ll make a deep dive tutorial with a safe lab build. Follow / Contact Links & resources are in the pinned comment. If you want me to cover mitigations (how to detect and stop NTLM relay), comment below — that’ll be the next video. Stay curious, hack ethically. — Hicham