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fundoplication

A surgical procedure, where the fundus is folded and sewn around the lower esophageal sphincter to reinforce it, making stomach acid reflux less likely or correcting gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). GERD is a more serious form of acid reflux. In GERD, the backflow of stomach acid occurs chronically and causes damage to the body over time. (Additional surgeries) • repairing hiatal hernia if present • tightening the hiatus of the diaphragm (Types) • Nissen: 360° posterior fundoplication • Toupet: 270° posterior fundoplication • Dor: 180-200° anterior fundoplication • Thal: 270° anterior fundoplication (Complications) • slipped or misplaced fundoplication: The wrap moves upwards or downwards, leading to recurrent GERD or dysphagia.achalasia? • disrupted fundoplication: The wrap sutures come apart or the tissue tears, resulting in the failure of the wrap, leading to recurrent GERD. • herniated fundoplication: The wrap moves upwards, possibly leading to hiatal hernia, where the upper part of the stomach bulges through the diaphragm into the chest. • too tight or too long (＞ 2 cm) fundoplication: It may lead to dysphagia, flatulence, and difficulty belching or vomiting. • twisted fundoplication: It becomes twisted around the esophagus, that can obstruct the esophagus or disrupt normal peristalsis, leading to dysphagia. • two-compartment stomach: The stomach is functionally divided into two parts by the wrap, with one part above it and another below, leading to symptoms like bloating, nausea, and pain, because the upper part can trap air and food. Cf. gastric volvulus (twisted valve in stomach)