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What would happen if a Unitarian went back in time to the Council of Nicaea in 325AD? I imagine it would go something like this. 😂 Be sure to like, subscribe, and consider becoming a channel member if you enjoy my content: https://linktr.ee/metaphysicsmike Sources & Scholarly Work: Constantine & The Divine Mind: The Imperial Quest for Primitive Monotheism: https://amzn.to/4kbsZgm A Short History of Christian Doctrine: https://amzn.to/4kYY1JL Divine Substance: https://amzn.to/4l4sbLI God In Patristic Thought: https://amzn.to/4kbtrLA The Search For The Christian Doctrine of God: https://amzn.to/3TMFsw5 Can Any Trinitarian Refute These Facts? (1) They Took A Vote To Determine Truth Catholic Traditions states that after the creed was drafted, some kind of vote was taken ending with an non-arian majority of 318 to 5. Eusebius said ~250 were present, Athanasius ~318; but only roughly 220 signatures actually still exist in the texts for us today. (2) Homoosious is Constantine's Contribution The decisive catchword of the Nicene Confession, homoousious, comes from none other than the emperor himself, Constantine. Eusebius gives at length how he defended it's inclusion when he wrote to his diocese. (Bonus fact: Constantine was actually baptized by an Arian, and repeatedly tries to get Arius back in the fold after the council's verdict.) (3) Constantine Got Homoousious From Hermeticism Constantine's background with hermeticism included strains of polytheism and even pagan monotheism, and was likely the source of where he aquired it from. (Constantine & The Divine Mind, Keegan Chandler) (4) Lactantius Is Likely Constantine's Source Constantine's advisor quotes an Egyptian Tractate called Poimandres to him 14 times, which uses homoousious, and is our oldest extent writing to use the word, and predates the council. (Lactantius (Letter to Constantine), Inst. 1.11, 2.11, 13, 15; 4.6, 5.65; 6.25; 7.4, 9, 13; 9;) (5) Larger Christian World Took Got Homousious From Manichean Gnosticism Too. (Christopher Stead, "Divine Substance" & Franco Beatrice "Homoousious") (6) Contradicting Evidence Homoousious Was Rejected Theres evidence the word homoousious was rejected at the Synod of Antioch in 269 AD when Paul of Samosata was condemned, who used it. (7) Competing Easter Traditions Contradicts Apostolic Succession The Quartodecimen Controversy is a disagreement over when to keep Easter, also settled at Nicaea. There were competing traditions from bishops descending from the alleged Apostolic Succession from John, Mark, Peter, & Paul on both sides. (8) Nicene Anathema Proves Ousia vs Hypostasis Wasn't Formalized Yet The Nicene Creed ends with an Anathema, which states that no one was allowed hence forward to say the Son is from a different "hypostasis or ousia", proving they didn't yet have formalized the distinction between the two. It would become orthodox later to separate these terms indefinitely. (Council of Constantinople & Cappadocian Church Fathers) I have a full presentation on the problem of Trinitarian Language here: https://www.youtube.com/live/ghHseZfu... (9) Nicea's Decision Reversed By Constantius II After Constantine passes, his son Constantius II (who is an Arian) holds a separate council in two places at once with over 400 bishops, makes a new pro-arian creed, and reverses Nicaea. (Athanasius, "On the (Twin) Councils of Ariminum and Seleucia") (10) All Originist Would Be Heretics Within A Few Generations Origen's work on eternal generation and the immaterial essence hypothesis were crucial to the groundwork which led to Nicaea. Yet he is considered a heretic now by both Catholics & Orthodox. #councilofnicaea #christianity #churchhistory