Hydrops fetalis, with Fetal Soft tissue edema, Ascites, and Pleural effusion. скачать в хорошем качестве

Hydrops fetalis, with Fetal Soft tissue edema, Ascites, and Pleural effusion.

This video shows Hydrops fetalis, with Fetal Soft tissue edema, Ascites, and Pleural effusion. The sonographic features of Hydrops fetalis are defined as the presence of 2 or more abnormal fluid collections in the fetus. These include ascites, pleural effusions, pericardial effusion, and generalized skin edema (defined as skin thickness more than 5 mm). Hydrops fetalis is a serious fetal condition defined as abnormal accumulation of fluid in 2 or more fetal compartments, including ascites, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, and skin edema. Moreover, it is also is associated with polyhydramnios and a thickened placenta (more than 6 cm) in as many as 30-75% of patients. Some of the affected fetuses also have hepatosplenomegaly. The imbalance in fluid homeostasis, with more fluid accumulating than can be resorbed, can result from 2 broad categories of pathologies—namely, those of an immune origin and those of a nonimmune origin. Fetal anasarca refers to generalized fetal body edema and usually develops as a component of hydrops fetalis. The fetal subcutaneous tissues appear diffusely thickened often to more than 5 mm. It results from a fluid shift from the intravascular compartment into the interstitial extravascular compartment as a result of impaired lymphatic drainage, capillary permeability, and/or capillary hydrostatic/oncotic pressures. Classically there is a halo pattern around the fetal head, neck, thorax, and abdomen. Fetal edema ultrasound Polyhydramnios occurs in about 1 to 2 percent of pregnancies. Most cases of polyhydramnios are mild and result from a gradual buildup of amniotic fluid during the second half of pregnancy. Severe polyhydramnios may cause shortness of breath, preterm labor, or other signs and symptoms. As a rule of thumb, polyhydramnios is usually diagnosed with an AFI over 24 or a big pocket of fluid on the ultrasound of over 8 cm. Polyhydramnios is estimated to occur in only about 1 to 2 percent of pregnancies. Remember polyhydramnios is not usually a sign of something serious. But you should get plenty of rest, if you work you might consider starting your maternity leave early. Speak to your doctor or midwife about your birth plan, including what to do if your waters break or labor starts earlier than expected. Women with Polyhydramnios may experience premature contractions, longer labor, difficulties breathing, and other problems during delivery. The condition can also cause complications for the fetus, including anatomical problems, malposition, and, in severe cases, death. Treatment aims to remove the excess amniotic fluid. Genetic abnormalities Babies with very high fluid levels are more likely to have a genetic abnormality such as Down syndrome. Persistent polyhydramnios has been associated with fetal aneuploidy,7 and polyhydramnios at birth has been associated with preterm delivery, unstable lie, malpresentation,4 cord prolapse, and placental abruption. A larger than expected fundal height could be a sign of fetal macrosomia. Excessive amniotic fluid (polyhydramnios). Having too much amniotic fluid — the fluid that surrounds and protects a baby during pregnancy — might be a sign that your baby is larger than average. The fetal membrane is composed of a thick cellular chorion covering a thin amnion composed of dense collagen fibrils. The amnion is in contact with the amniotic fluid and ensures the structural integrity of the sac due to its mechanical strength. The risk of the following complications is increased With polyhydramnios: 1). Preterm contractions and possibly preterm labor. 2). Premature rupture of membranes, sometimes followed by abruptio placentae. 3). Fetal malposition. 4). Maternal respiratory compromise. 5). Umbilical cord prolapse. 6). Uterine atony. 7). Postpartum hemorrhage. Drink more fluids. Anytime during your pregnancy, drinking a lot of water can make a huge difference. According to one study, hydration is very helpful for upping amniotic fluid levels in women between 37 and 41 weeks of pregnancy. Foramen Ovale The foramen ovale is an aperture in the muscular tissue between the left and right atrium that allows blood to cross the atria and bypass pulmonary circulation during fetal development. Normally, the Foramen ovale closes shortly after birth and is subsequently completely sealed off. If the foramen ovale does not seal properly, the condition is called a patent foramen ovale (PFO).