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I/O Efficient Algorithms and Data Structures 1+2 (Lecture by Lars Arge)

In many modern applications that deal with massive data sets, communication between internal and external memory, and not actual computation time, is the bottleneck in the computation. This is due to the huge difference in access time of fast internal memory and slower external memory such as disks. In order to amortize this time over a large amount of data, disks typically read or write large blocks of contiguous data at once. This means that it is important to design algorithms with a high degree of locality in their disk access pattern, that is, algorithms where data accessed close in time is also stored close on disk. Such algorithms take advantage of block transfers by amortizing the large access time over a large number of accesses. In the area of I/O-efficient algorithms the main goal is to develop algorithms that minimize the number of block transfers (I/Os) used to solve a given problem. In these four lectures, we will cover fundamental I/O-efficient algorithms and data structures, such as sorting algorithms, search trees and priority queues. We will also discuss geometric problems, as well as geometric data structures for various range searching problems.