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Atomic spectroscopy - Mercury

A gas discharge tube (Plücker tube) containing Mercury is powered by a High Voltage Power Supply. This causes the element to vaporize and emit light in the visible spectrum (400-700 nm) at the specific wavelengths corresponding to the electronic transitions. The tube is observed throught a 300, 600 and 1000 lines/mm diffraction gratings and then by a prism spectroscope whose dispersion is not linear being higher for the shorter wavelengths. In other words the resolution is higher toward the blue part of the spectrum and lower toward the red. The faintest lines can only be viewed in long exposure photographs. The following lines are measured: 404 nm Violet 407 nm Violet 415 nm Violet 419 nm Violet 436 nm Blue 492 nm Blue 546 nm Green 577 nm Yellow 579 nm Yellow 602 nm Orange 640 nm Red 665 nm Red 672 nm Red 691 nm Red The most easily recognizable lines are at 436 nm (Blue), 546 nm (Green) and the 577/579 nm doublet (Yellow).