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Gold Nanoparticles in Treatment of Prostate Cancer

Current treatment for prostate cancer is expensive, has numerous side-effects, and has a high mortality rate. It is astonishing how long this ailment has affected humanity without providing a reliable solution. Consequently, our team will examine how gold charged nanoparticles are used to aid the treatment of prostate cancer, specifically via drug delivery. These particles have a gold inner core and are coated with polyethylene glycol. Polyethylene glycol and gold are used due to their relatively inert state and non-toxicity. Gold is also used because, at a nanoscale, it is a catalyst for reactions. The surface chemistry of gold nanoparticles can be altered so that they can be coated with small polymers and other therapeutic agents such as cancer-treating drugs (specifically Docetaxel and Doxorubicin). This also gives the patient's DNA the ability to bond to the nanoparticle’s surface, which allows these nanoparticles to travel through the body without being rejected. These nanoparticles are spherical shaped, and while studies are beginning to show that non-spherical particles are more effective than spherical particles, researchers do not yet fully understand the shape effect non-spherical particles have on cancerous cells. The diameter of these nanoparticles is less than 170nm so that they can effectively fit through and diffuse inside cells and capillaries. Additionally, these nanoparticles are charged. Due to their charge, the nanoparticles repel each other, which prevents them from aggregating. Furthermore, it simply helps nanoparticles interact with cells and diffuse through concentration barriers more efficiently. This method of prostate cancer treatment is still being researched and has yet to be approved for medical use; however, it has the potential to replace current treatment methods, as it could be more effective and safer in practice. Works Cited "Docetaxel May Cause Alcohol Intoxication: FDA." Headlines, Today's News Headlines, Current Breaking News. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 May 2017. "Doctors: Chemotherapy Expensive and Does Little for Advanced Cancer Patients." Infowars. N.p., 15 Nov. 2016. Web. 01 May 2017. "Doxorubicin HCL Vial : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 01 May 2017. FGRGAnimation. "Nanotechnology for Targeted Cancer Therapy." YouTube. YouTube, 15 Jan. 2010. Web. 08 May 2017. "Gold Nanoparticles in Delivery Applications ☆." Gold Nanoparticles in Delivery Applications. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 May 2017. "Gold Nanoparticles: Properties and Applications." Sigma-Aldrich. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 May 2017. Herizchi, Roya. "Current Methods for Synthesis of Nanoparticles." Https://www.researchgate.net/publicat.... N.p., n.d. Web. 02 May 2017. Llevot, Audrey, and Didier Astruc. "Applications of Vectorized Gold Nanoparticles to the Diagnosis and Therapy of Cancer." Chemical Society Reviews. The Royal Society of "Prostate Cancer." Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, n.d. Web. 06 May 2017. "Prostate Cancer: Statistics That May Surprise You." Cancer. N.p., 18 Nov. 2015. Web. 01 May 2017. "Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer | CTCA." CancerCenter.com. N.p., 01 Jan. 0001. Web. 01 May 2017. SanofiTVen. “Cancer: From A Healthy Cell to a Cancer Cell.” YouTube. YouTube, 25 Jan. 2011. Web. 08 May 2017. Shah, Samar, Yaling Liu, Walter Hu, and Jinming Gao. "Modeling Particle Shape-Dependent Dynamics in Nanomedicine." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. U.S. National Library of Medicine, Feb. 2011. Web. 01 May 2017. Yuriy Svidinenko. “Nanoparticle Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy.” YouTube. YouTube, 3 Mar. 2013. Web. 08 May 2017.