National Revolution in Hungary in 1956 [History on map] скачать в хорошем качестве

National Revolution in Hungary in 1956 [History on map]

Following the Second World War, the Soviet Union occupied Hungary, gradually replacing its elected government with the Communist Party, leading to economic struggles and public discontent. The Soviet Union had established military control through a “mutual assistance treaty” after an initial phase of multi-party democracy where the Communist party was only a small portion, and they used “salami tactics” to erode the elected government’s authority. Communist Interior Minister László Rajk established the AVH security police, which suppressed political opposition through intimidation and torture, ultimately ending the multi-party democracy. Hungary then became a communist state under Mátyás Rákosi’s authoritarian rule, leading to purges of dissidents, show trials, and the politicization of the educational system to promote communist ideology and replace the educated class. Rákosi’s government nationalized religious schools, replacing their leaders, and arrested and imprisoned church leaders including József Cardinal Mindszenty, making it one of the most repressive regimes in Europe. By 1955, writers and journalists began to openly criticize the situation. In 1956, university students revived the banned anti-communist MEFESZ student union, and staged a demonstration that triggered the 1956 Hungarian Revolution. Hungary’s post-war economy suffered greatly due to war reparations, limited trade with the West because of COMECON that was an economic organization under of the Eastern Block, and hyperinflation, leading to decreased incomes and manufacturing output. The death of Joseph Stalin in 1953 led to a period of liberalization, and Imre Nagy replaced Mátyás Rákosi as prime minister. Although, Rákosi undermined most of Nagy’s reforms and regained control until Nikita Khrushchev’s denouncement of Stalin, leading to his final removal and replacement with Ernő Gerő in July 1956... #History #Hungary #USSR #1956