Sulfonylureas – Summary скачать в хорошем качестве

Sulfonylureas – Summary

Sulfonylureas – Summary Definition Sulfonylureas are oral antidiabetic drugs used in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus to reduce blood glucose by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Mechanism of Action Bind to sulfonylurea receptor (SUR1) on β-cells Close ATP-sensitive K⁺ channels Cause cell depolarization → Ca²⁺ influx → Insulin release ⚠️ Require functional β-cells (not effective in Type 1 DM) Classification & Examples 1st Generation (rarely used) Tolbutamide Chlorpropamide 2nd Generation (commonly used) Glibenclamide (Glyburide) Glipizide Gliclazide Glimepiride Pharmacological Effects ↓ Fasting and post-prandial glucose ↑ Insulin secretion (glucose-independent) Adverse Effects Hypoglycemia (most important) Weight gain GI upset Rash, photosensitivity Disulfiram-like reaction (chlorpropamide) Contraindications Type 1 DM DKA Pregnancy & breastfeeding Severe liver or kidney disease Drug Interactions ↑ Hypoglycemia: alcohol, aspirin, warfarin ↓ Effect: corticosteroids, thiazides Advantages Effective Inexpensive Once-daily dosing (newer agents) 💊 የፋርማሲ እውቀት ማዕከል | ኢትዮጵያ 🇪🇹 ለፋርማሲ ተማሪዎችና ባለሙያዎች የተዘጋጀ የእውቀት መድረክ። እኛ የምናቀርበው፦ 📚 የፋርማሲ ኖቶችና አጭር ማጠቃለያዎች 🧠 የExit Exam እና COC ዝግጅት መርጃዎች ❓ MCQ ጥያቄዎች ከመልስና ማብራሪያ ጋር 🏥 ክሊኒካል ፋርማሲና ቴራፒዩቲክስ ⚖️ የፋርማሲ ህግ፣ ስነ-ምግባርና መመሪያዎች 🧪 ፋርማኮሎጂ፣ ፋርማሲዩቲክስና ፋርማሲዩቲካል ኬሚስትሪ 📰 ከEFDA እና MoH ጋር የተያያዙ ዝመናዎች 📌 በቀላሉ ተማር፤ በእርግጠኝነት ተለማመድ፤ በሙያህ ተሳካ። Pharmacy Knowledge Hub | Ethiopia 🇪🇹 Your trusted space for Pharmacy students & professionals. We provide: 📚 Pharmacy notes & summaries 🧠 Exit Exam & COC preparation materials ❓ MCQs with explanations 🏥 Clinical pharmacy & therapeutics ⚖️ Pharmacy law, ethics & regulations 🧪 Pharmacology, pharmaceutics & chemistry 📰 Updates on EFDA, MoH & pharmacy practice