Скачать с ютуб Toxoplasma gondii & Toxoplasma encephalitis - UWorld USMLE Step 1 Question, Nervous System/Neurology в хорошем качестве

Toxoplasma gondii & Toxoplasma encephalitis - UWorld USMLE Step 1 Question, Nervous System/Neurology

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that is typically transmitted to humans after accidental ingestion of contaminated cat faeces (eg, cat handling, litter box). Most initial cases are asymptomatic. However, the organism establishes a latent infection that can reactivate in the setting of severe immunocompromise, particularly advanced AIDS. Patients usually develop encephalitis with multiple ring-enhancing lesions. Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite whose definitive host is cats. Transmission occurs when individuals come into contact with contaminated cat faeces (for example, litter box or cat handling) and subsequently ingest oocytes or when patients ingest undercooked meat from an intermediate host (for example, pig, sheep). Healthy individuals rapidly contain the infection via a cell mediated immune response and rarely develop clinical symptoms. However, latent infection is established (tissue cysts), and reactivation can occur in the setting of immunocompromise. (for example, advanced AIDS). The most common manifestation of reactivation is toxoplasmic encephalitis, which is characterized by progressive headache, confusion, focal neurologic deficits, and/or seizure. Brain imaging classically shows multiple ring-enhancing lesions. By Schellack at English Wikipedia, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By Pavel Ševela, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By kallerna - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By Rainer Zenz - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By Gary van der Merwe - graphics by Niki K Aids Awareness Red RibbonLapel pins http://www.aochiworld.com/, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By Muhammad Mahdi Karim - Own work, GFDL 1.2, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By dr Laughlin Dawes - http://www.radpod.org/2007/03/24/herp..., CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By Alexis Lours - Own work, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By NIAID - https://www.flickr.com/photos/5459170..., CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... Music: Planetarium by Ambyion & GalaxyTones Stream/Download: galaxytones.fanlink.to/planetarium