TRANSFORMER, Step-Up & Step-Down Transformer | Ch 19 ELECTROMAGNETISM | Phy 10 | Lec 9 | NBF | FBISE скачать в хорошем качестве

TRANSFORMER, Step-Up & Step-Down Transformer | Ch 19 ELECTROMAGNETISM | Phy 10 | Lec 9 | NBF | FBISE

TRANSFORMER, Step-Up & Step-Down Transformer | Ch 19 ELECTROMAGNETISM | Phy 10 | Lecture 9 | National book foundation | Federal board In this Class 10 Physics Chapter 19 – Electromagnetism (Lecture 9) by National Book Foundation (NBF) and Federal Board (FBISE), we explore the concept of Transformers, including Step-Up and Step-Down Transformers, their structure, working, and importance in electric power transmission. A Transformer is an electrical device used to increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current (A.C.) supply. It works on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where a changing magnetic field in one coil induces an electromotive force (e.m.f.) in another coil. Construction of a Transformer: A transformer has three main parts: Primary Coil (Np): Connected to the input A.C. supply. Secondary Coil (Ns): Delivers the output voltage. Laminated Iron Core: Provides a path for magnetic flux and reduces energy loss. When A.C. passes through the primary coil, a changing magnetic field is produced in the core. This changing magnetic field induces an alternating e.m.f. in the secondary coil. The relationship between voltage and the number of turns is given by: Vp / Vs = Np / Ns ⚙️ Types of Transformers 1. Step-Up Transformer: The number of turns in the secondary coil (Ns) is greater than in the primary coil (Np). Increases voltage from input to output. Used in power stations to transmit electricity efficiently over long distances. 2. Step-Down Transformer: The number of turns in the secondary coil (Ns) is less than in the primary coil (Np). Decreases voltage for safe domestic or industrial use. Found in mobile chargers, power adapters, and household appliances. 💡 Ideal Transformer: In an ideal transformer, power input equals power output. There is no energy loss. Power in primary coil = Power in secondary coil Ip × Vp = Is × Vs This means that when voltage increases, current decreases proportionally, maintaining constant power transfer. ⚡ High-Voltage Power Transmission: Electric power is generated at power stations located far from cities. To reduce energy loss in the transmission cables, voltage is stepped up using step-up transformers for long-distance transmission. Near the cities, the voltage is stepped down using step-down transformers for safe use. This process helps: Reduce power loss (I²R loss)Improve transmission efficiency Lower infrastructure costs High-voltage transmission ensures efficient and economical delivery of electricity over long distances. Transformers are essential in modern power systems, converting electrical energy efficiently from generation points to homes, schools, and factories. 📌 Hashtags #Transformer #StepUpTransformer #StepDownTransformer #Electromagnetism #Physics10 #NationalBookFoundation #FBISE #PhysicsLecture #ACVoltage #ElectromagneticInduction #HighVoltageTransmission #PhysicsClass10 #PowerDistribution #NBF #federalboard transformer class 10, step up transformer physics class 10, step down transformer lecture, physics 10 chapter 19 electromagnetism, nbf fbise physics lecture 9, transformer working principle, electromagnetic induction class 10, transformer equation physics, high voltage power transmission, ideal transformer explanation, ac transformer class 10, primary and secondary coil, voltage step up and step down, physics 10 federal board, national book foundation physics lecture 9