Walking Tour: Gela, Caltanissetta, Sicilia скачать в хорошем качестве

Walking Tour: Gela, Caltanissetta, Sicilia

Gela, town, southern Sicily, Italy, on the Gulf of Gela (of the Mediterranean Sea) with a fertile plain (ancient Campi Geloi) to the north. It was founded by Cretan and Rhodian colonists in about 688 BC and sent forth colonists to found Acragas (now Agrigento, 45 miles [72 km] northwest) in about 581 BC. Gela enjoyed its greatest prosperity under the tyrant Hippocrates of Gela (498–491 BC), whose dominion extended over much of the island, but his even more powerful successor, Gelon, took possession of Syracuse unopposed and transferred his capital and half of the population there in 482. Gela later revived, but it was destroyed by the Carthaginians in 405 BC and abandoned by order of Dionysius I of Syracuse. The inhabitants returned and rebuilt the town but it was only refortified about 337 in the time of the Greek statesman Timoleon. In 311 BC the Syracusan tyrant Agathocles put to death more than 4,000 of the inhabitants, and, after its destruction by the Mamertini (Campanian mercenaries) in 281 BC, Phintias of Acragas transferred the remainder to the new town of Phintias (now Licata). Refounded in 1233 by Frederick II, the town was known as Terranova di Sicilia until 1928. In World War II Gela was one of the initial objectives of Allied landings in the invasion of Sicily.