vol 036：The Design of Everyday Things скачать в хорошем качестве

vol 036：The Design of Everyday Things

The provided excerpts, likely from the book "The Design of Everyday Things" (DOET), present a critique of poor design across numerous objects, arguing that design flaws, not user incompetence, are responsible for most frustration and error. The author emphasizes the importance of human-centered design principles, such as visibility, natural mappings (the relationship between controls and their effects), affordances (the perceived properties that suggest how an object is used), and constraints (limitations that guide proper use). The text explores the seven stages of action as a model for human interaction, highlighting the "gulfs" of execution and evaluation that occur when designs are confusing, and discusses the role of knowledge in the head versus knowledge in the world for usability. Ultimately, the source advocates for design that makes tasks conceptually simple and minimizes the need for conscious thought, even arguing that standardization is necessary when natural mappings cannot be achieved.